Pesticides carbamates, chemistry

Hard evidence for the first category seems to be nonexistent. An educated guess on the potential hazards would combine residue technology [how much of a secondary amine (or amide, urea, carbamate, etc.) might a person consume or otherwise be exposed to ], nitrosation chemistry (what would be the yield of in vivo nitrosation of the pesticide thus consumed ), and toxicology (what would be the toxicological effect and potency of the nitroso compound thus formed ). Frequently, these questions, which simplify to, "What dose—eg., in mg/kg—of a pesticide-derived nitroso compound might a person be exposed to and what would be the result if he were " are not carefully considered. 

Belisle AA, Swineford DM. 1988. Simple specific analysis of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides in sediments using column extraction and gas chromatography. Environ Toxicol Chemistry 7 749- 752. 

The avermectin natural products are pesticides possessing novel chemistry and mode of action. Cross-resistance has not been observed in laboratory or field studies with mites andinsects tolerant to commercially available organophosphate, carbamate, chlorinated hydrocarbon and pyrethroid pesticides. 

The first section of this book describes the application of LC/MS to the analysis of agricultural chemicals and their metabolites. Using LC/MS for residue analysis in agricultural chemistry has become routine in many laboratories. Many pesticides, such as the chlorophenoxy acid and sulfonyl urea herbicides or organophosphorus and methyl carbamate insecticides, are too polar or thermally labile for analysis via GC. The use of LC/MS for the identification of polar pesticide metabolites and conjugates, an area traditionally dominated by radiolabeled compounds, stands out as a particularly dramatic demonstration of the power of this technique. 

EC is being extensively used in pesticide chemistry and related areas where the chemicals of interest are frequently of low volatility, thermally unstable, or (very) polar for GC separation. The earliest EC determinations of carbamate pesticides were reported 30 years ago. Since then, methods for the EC determination of this type of pesticides have been the subject of excellent... 

In the context of analytical chemistry, these advantages are well illustrated in recent studies such as the simultaneous determination of five metal ions found in electroplating solutions, with the use of visible spectrophotometry and chemometrics and the simultaneous kinetic-spectrophotometric determination of carbamate pesticides. 

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