Pesticide regulatory considerations

Makris S (2005). Regulatory considerations in developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides In Toxicology of Organophosphate and Carbamate Compounds (R Gupta, ed.), pp. 633-642. San Diego, CA, USA Academic Press. 

In conclusion, strategies aimed at optimising pesticide use can be said to epitomise a pragmatic approach. In a simplified diagram of the pesticide regulatory approvals process (Figure 1.3), the subjects covered in this book cover the how, when and why area. These considerations form an integral part of the approvals process and the post-approval, iterative reassessment of chemicals and practices. 

Regulatory Considerations in Developmental Neurotoxicity of Organophosphorus and Carbamate Pesticides ... 

Currently, for pesticide registration, there is an increasing consideration by regulatory jurisdictions of in vitro data as an alternative to in vivo dermal absorption data. At present, based on the OECD inventory and provided that levels of the pesticide remaining in the skin are included as absorbed, the results from in vitro methods seem to adequately reflect those from in vivo experiments, so supporting their use as a replacement test to measure percutaneous absorption (OECD, 2000 van de Sandt et al., 2004). This calculation, i.e. the inclusion of the amount... 

Since 1970, virtually all federal health and safety statutes have adopted a general safety standard of "unreasonable risk," and have required consideration by regulatory agencies of the broad societal consequences of regulatory action. Such statutes as the Consumer Product Safety Act of 1972 ( ), the Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act of 1972 ( ), and the Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 ( ), adopt this approach. These statutes make no attempt to define the critical phrase "unreasonable risk," just as the earlier statutes made no attempt to define such terms as "injurious" or "safe." Some do contain a laundry list of factors to be considered in determining regulatory action, such as the effect on the... 

Persons Involved In Che application of pesticides have more opportunity to be exposed to the chemical than Che average citizen. For consideration of the safety of the workers. It Is Important Co determine Just how much exposure Is anticipated with each work assignment. It Is also Important to evaluate Che effectiveness of protective clothing and to determine the expected variability of exposure of different persons performing the same Cask. The method of dispersal of the pesticide and the type of formulation also affects the overall exposure. These data are helpful Co regulatory... 

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