Perfluorocarbons boiling point

In addition to their separation properties, perfluorocarbons have advantages as solvents they are chemically unreactive, non-flammable and have a low toxicity. But their low reactivity leads to long lifetimes and as these solvents are still volatile (see boiling points in Table 7.1), there is a high chance that atmospheric contamination will occur. 

In contrast with typical hydrocarbon systems, branching has a negligible effect on the boiling points of perfluorocarbons (Figure 1.4). 

A newer application of pure perfluorocarbons with relatively low boiling points is as contrast agents for medical ultrasound examination of the circulatory system [112]. Making the ultrasound imaging technique available for examination of, in particular, the cardiovascular system and other soft tissues is highly important, because ultrasound technology is far more widespread and less expensive than other imaging equipment. 

The performance of perfluorooctane (CgF g) Coated electrodes which were prepared by the method described above were evaluated in half-cell experiments for their oxygen reduction activity. Although perfluorooctane has a, relatively low boiling point (- 100 0) and evaporative losses may occur, as well as losses due to the supply stream of oxygen carrying material away, it is believed that some of the perfluorocarbon is persistent due to adsorption phenomena with the carbon substrate, electrocatalyst, and/or ionomer phase. As shown in Fig. 1.23, it is evident that there is some effect upon the oxygen reduction characteristics when perfluorooctane is introduced as an electrode coating and evaluated under room temperature conditions. When the activity of treated and untreated Nafion -coated electrodes are compared at room... 

---