Perfluoroalkyl sulfonamide

Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAs) are synthetic, perfluorinated, straight- or bran-ched-chain organic acids characterized by a carboxylate or sulfonate moiety [1]. PFAs are manufactured directly but can also be formed through transformation of many precursor molecules containing a perfluoroalkyl moiety [2], These include fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) and perfluoroalkyl-sulfonamides (Table 1, Fig. 1), however, others likely exist. Collectively, this family of chemicals including PFAs and their polyfluorinated precursors will be referred to in this document as perfluoroalkyl substances (PFSs). 

Shoeib, M., Harner, T., Ikonomou, M. and Kannan, K. (2004) Indoor and Outdoor Air Concentrations and phase partitioning of perfluoroalkyl sulfonamides and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Science and Technology, 38, 1313-20. 

Recently, an aqueous solution of perfluoroalkyl sulfonamide ethoxylate, QF,7S02N (C3H7)(C2H40)ioH, designated as QF17EO10 having a medium chain length (Cg)... 

Polyfluorinated compounds comprise hundreds of chemicals characterized by hydrophobic linear alkyl chains partially or fully fluorinated (as the perfluorinated compounds [PFCs]) and containing different functional groups. Polyfluorinated compounds include perfluoroalkyl sulfonamides (PFASAs), fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs), polyfluorinated alkyl phosphates (PFAPs), fluorotelomer unsaturated carboxylic acids (FTUCAs), perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), and their salts. The most common PFAAs are perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFASs). In particular, PFASs contain one or more fluorinated alkyl chains bonded to a polar head, which at neutral pH can be charged (anionic, cationic, and amphiphilic surfactants) or noncharged (nonionic surfactants). 

Benskin, J. P, Bataineh, M., Martin, J. W. Simultaneous characterization of perfluoroalkyl carboxylate, sulfonate and sulfonamide isomers by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem., 79 6455-6464 (2007). 

The structure of LiN(Rf0S02)2 is similar to that of lithium bis(perfluoroalkyl sulfonyl)imide, the difference being the perfluoroalkoxy group RfO instead of the perfluoroalkyl group Rf. It is relatively easy to prepare. First, a dihalo-sulfonamide reacts with perfluoroalkyl alcohol (RfOH) to prepare bis(per-fluoroalkoxysulfonyl)imide (HN(S020Rf)2), which is then reacted with lithium carbonate or lithium hydroxide in solution to obtain lithium... 

Semifluorinated alkanes are prepared by a free-radical-initiated addition of perfluoroalkyl iodide to a terminal olefin [141,274,275]. Oil-soluble surfactants, CF3CF2CF20[CF(CF3)CF20] -2CF(CF3)C0R (R = phenyl or p-tolyl), are obtained by arylating hexafluoropropylene oxide oligomeric acid halides [272]. Carboxamides and sulfonamides are prepared by conventional reactions using N-(per-fluorooctanesulfonyl)piperazine as the intermediate [273]. 

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