Perchlorate effect

AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE EFFECT OF NEUTRON, GAMMA AND COMBINED RADIATIONS PRIOR TO DECOMPOSITION AT 227°C... 

An interesting case of selective oxidation in solution is given hy Jones,2 who has studied the absorption spectrum of a solution of uranous bromide in a mixture of water and methyl alcohol. Addition of potassium perchlorate effects an alteration in the absorption bands m such a manner as to show that the portion of the uranous salt combined with the methyl alcohol has undergone no change, whilst that united with the water has become oxidised. 

C-C bond formations. Iron(III) perchlorate effects cyclization of 1,5-cyclooctadienes to bicyclo[3.3.0]octane derivatives and oxidative dimerization of naphthalenes. Thiols are also oxidized to give disulfides. 

McNabb FMA, Larsen CT, and Pooler PS, Ammonium perchlorate effects on thyroid function and growth in bobwhite quail chicks, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 23, 997, 2004. 

An additional phenomenon related to the anion in the aqueous phase is a so-called perchlorate effect (Gmelin 1983). It has been often observed that extraction of metal ions from perchlorate media is greater than that from equivalent nitrate or chloride solutions. Marcus reports (Gmelin 1983) the effect in two different systems involving acidic extractant molecules. The enhanced extraction of metal ions is also observed in systems based on neutral molecules. In the latter case, formation of aqueous complexes of stoichiometry 1 3 (R L) is required for neutrality in the extracted complex. As lanthanide perchlorate ion pairs normally do not exist in aqueous solution, it is something of a dichotomy that extraction from perchlorate medium should be more readily achieved than from more strongly complexing nitrate (or even chloride) solutions. An explanation for the phenomenon, and for the relative ease of extraction of metal ions from salt solutions (relative to that from equivalent acids), may lie in the effect of the solutes on water structure. 

Maison W, Kennedy RJ, Kemp DS (2001) Chaotropic anions strongly stabilize short, N-capped uncharged peptide helicies a new look at the perchlorate effect. Angew Chem Int Ed 40 3819-3821... 

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