Peonidin 3-O-glucoside

Fig. 2.101. Chromatograms of Cabernet Sauvignon and TempraniUo wines recorded at 520 nm. Peak identification Df-3-GL = delphinidin-3-O-glucoside Cy-3-Gl = cyanidin-3-O-glucoside Pt-3-Gl = petunidin-3-O-glucoside Pn-3-Gl = peonidin-3-O-glucoside Mv-3-Gl = maMdin-3-O-glucoside Pn-3-Gl-Ac = paeonidin-3-O-acetylglucoside Mv-3-Gl-Ac = maMdin-3-O-acetylglucoside Pn-3-Gl-Cm = peonidin-3-coumaroylglucoside Mv-3-Gl-Cm = malvidin-3-coumarylglucoside. Reprinted with permission from E. Revilla et al. [235].

Fig. 4.2 HPLC-DAD chromatograms of anthocyanins from soluble and insoluble extracts of black, red-brown, and brown soybean seed coats at 520 nm. (a, d) Black (Clark), (b, e) red-brown (Mil), and (c, f) brown (MlOO) seed coats, (a and b) Pulverized fresh seed coats extracted with 80% methanol in water, (d-f) Insoluble pulverized seed coat fraction extracted with 1-butanol/HCl (19 1) 1% SDS. Compound identifications were based on comparison of retention times and absorption spectra to authentic standards. Peak 1, unknown peak 2, delphinidin-3-O-galactoside peak 3, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside peak 4, cyanidin-3-O-galactoside peak 5, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside peak 6, petunidin-3-O-glucoside peak 7, pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside peak 8, peonidin-3-O-glucoside and peak 9, malvidin-3-O-glucoside...

First, blackberry contains anthocyanins such as cyanidin (51), peonidin (70), cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (60) of major pigments and also cyanidin 3-O-xyloside (95), peonidin 3-O-glucoside (92), peonidin 3-O-xyloside (96), pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside (94), and pelargonidin (50) (Fig. 21) [52],... 

Anthocyanins such as cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, and peonidin- 3- (9- ruLinoside (Fig. 1.22) have also been reported in sweet cherries (Prunus avium) and sour cherries (Prunus cerasus) [Wu et al., 2004]. 

Sweet cherries were known to the Egyptians and Chinese. Sour cherries were cultivated by the Greeks. Modern varieties are either pure-bred sweet (Prunus avium) or sour (Prunus cerasus) or hybrids of the two. Both contain anthocyanins, mainly cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, with lower levels of other anthocyanins, including cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and peonidin-3-rutinoside (Wu and Prior 2005). Like peaches, they also contain hydroxycin-namates including 3-O-cafFeoylquinic add and 3-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid (Figure 7.26) (Mozetic etal. 2002). 

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT EC 2.1.1.6) is located in many tissues and catalyzes the methylation of polyphenols. The methylation is a well-established pathway in the metabolism of flavonoids such as those that undergo 3, 4 -dihydrox-ylation of ring B excreted as 3 -0-methyl ether metabohtes in rat bile. " Recently, the apparent methylation of both cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside (cyanidin is an anthocyanin with a 3, 4 -dihydroxylation of ring B) to peonidin-3-glucoside and peonidin-3-sambubioside was reported in humans. In rats, this transformation occurred mainly in the liver and was catalyzed by COMT."°... 

Peonin ( peonidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside). C28H330,t, Mr 625.56, reddish-violet cryst., mp. 165 -167 C (decomp.). P. is the typical anthocyanin component of the violet-red flowers of the peony (Paeonia, Paeoni-aceae), but also occurs in blue grapes (Vitis vinifera, Vitaceae), sweet cherries (Prunus avium, Rosaeeae), and many other plants. 

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