Pentosidine, collagen

Furosine and fluorescent cross-links (mol amino acid/ mol collagen, except pentosidine mmol/mol) determined by HPLC in hydrolyzates of dentin slices exposed to glucose and buffer, pH 7.4, and non-exposed controls (n=2). 

Interestingly, sound human dentin contained a more or less constant level of the advanced Maillard products, pentosidine and car-boxymethyllysine, irrespective of age (fable 3). Alfhough human denfin collagen is not turned over and the advanced products should thus increase during life, we suggesf fhaf fhe Maillard reacfion occurs in pre-denfin collagen, but is halted upon mineralization. ... 

Shiraki, M., Kuroda, Y., Tanaka, S., Salto, M., Fukunaga, M., and Nakamura, T. (2008). Nonenzymic collagen cross-links induced by glycoxidation (pentosidine) predicts vertebral fractures. J. Bone Miner. Metab. 26, 93-100. 

Aortic samples, free of atherosclerotic lesions, were obtained from haemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease and from age-matched controls.437 The media, but not the intima, proved positive immunohistochemically for pentosidine, which was observed along and between elastic fibres. In both groups, pentosidine-linked fluorescence was higher in elastin than in collagen, and the HPLC level of pentosidine was higher in the elastin from patients than in that from the controls. 

Although AG inhibited pentosidine formation at concentrations higher than 18 mM, Urios et al.5S9 found that, at 1.6-18 mM, pentosidine formation was enhanced in Type I insoluble collagen (9 mg rnL 200 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.4,250 mM glucose, 28 d, 37 °C). The formation of pentosidine was increased maximally at 8 mM (roughly doubled), but almost completely inhibited at 89 mM. 

J, Maroudas A. Age-related accumulation of pentosidine in aggrecan and collagen from normal and degenerate human intervertebral discs. Biochem J 2006 399 29-35. 

The amino acid pentosidine was also obtained from collagen, which indicates the bonding of lysine and arginine with the participation of a pentose ... 

The classical 370/440 fluorescence is mainly associated to a collagen cross-link that was poorly characterized until recently, while pentosidine is a well-characterized AGE used as marker of the glyco-oxidation process To be sure, a limitation of our study is that we... 

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