Pentachlorophenol-sulfate

Stehly, G.R. and W.L. Hayton. 1988. Detection of pentachlorophenol and its glucuronide and sulfate conjugates in fish bile and exposure water. Jour. Environ. Sci. Health B23 355-366. 

Dichloropropylene, frans-1,3-Dichloropropylene, Dieldrin, Diuron, Epichlorohydrin, Formaldehyde, Hexachlorocyclopentadiene, Eindane, Methoxychlor, Methyl chloride. Methylene chloride, Pentachlorophenol, 2,4,5-T, 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane, Toxaphene, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, 1,1,2-Trichloroethane, 1,2,3-Trichloropropane, Trichloroethylene, 1.1.1-Trichloro-2.2.2-trifluoroethane. Trichlorofluoromethane, Vinyl chloride Hydrofluoric acid, see Trichlorofluoromethane, 1.1.1-Trichloro-2.2.2-trifluoroethane. Trifluralin Hydrogen, see Benzene, Chloroform, Difenzoquat methyl sulfate. 1,4-Dioxane, Ethylamine, Ethylbenzene, Ethylenimine, Formaldehyde. Formic acid, Hexachlorobenzene, Methyl bromide. Pentachlorobenzene. TCDD. Tetrachloroethylene. 

Detailed toxicokinetic studies have been performed in both rats (Yuan et al., 1994) and mice (Reigner et al., 1992), comparing intravenous and gavage (and in rat feed) administration of pentachlorophenol. In mice, after either intravenous or oral administration, tlie elimination half-life was about 5-6 h. Only 8% of the dose (15 mg/kg bw) was excreted unchanged in urine, while 20% was excreted as tetrachlorohydroquinone and its conjugates. Sulfate conjugates represented 90% of the total conjugates of pentachlorophenol and tetrachlorohydroquinone. 

Pentachlorobenzene can be absorbed readily through gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts in humans and experimental animals. Chlorobenzenes accumulate primarily in fatty tissues and have been shown to cross the placenta. Pentachlorobenzene is metabolized via cytochrome P450-dependent processes to its major metabolites pentachlorophenol and 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol. Food restriction was reported to increase its metabolism. Metabolites are excreted in the urine as mercapturic acids, glucuronic acid, or sulfate conjugates. Some proportion of the chemical is eliminated unchanged in the feces. 

Reference toxicants often are used to determine the health of the test species. There is no widely used reference toxicant several that have been used include dodecyl sodium sulfate (anionic surfactant), sodium chloride, sodium pentachlorophenol, and cadmium chloride. 

The role of sulfation of N-hydroxy-2AAF In liver toxicity was demonstrated straightforwardly by the use of the selective inhibitors of sulfation, pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 2,6-dlchloro-4-nltrophenol (DCNP) (14-17). Pretreatment with these compounds completely pre-... 

Peptide synthesis /-Amyl chloroformate. Bis-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)carbonate. Bis-o-phenylene pyrophosphite. i-Butyl chloroformate. sec-Butyl chloroformate. /-Butyl chloroformate. /-Butyl 2,4,5-trichlorophenyl carbonate. CopoIy(ethylene-N-hydroxymaleimide). N,N-Diethyl-I-propynylamine. Di-(p-nitrophenyl)sulfate. Ethoxyacetylene. N-Ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-l,2-dihydroquinoline. N-Ethylbenzisoxazolium fluoroborate. Ethyl chloroformate. N-Ethyl-5-phenylisoxazolium-3 -sulfonate. N-Hydroxysuccinimide trifluoroacetate. Methyl-morpholine. 4-Methylthiophenol. p-Nitrophenol. Oxalylchloride. Pentachlorophenol. Pentamethylbenzyl chloride. /-Pentyl chloroformate. Phenacyl bromide. Polyhexamethylene carbodiimide. Tetraethyl pyrophosphite. 1,2,4-Triazole. 

Pretreatment of rats with pentachlorophenol, an inhibitor of sulfation and perhaps of other conjugation reactions, led to a marked decrease in the inversion, suggesting that this chiral inversion of stiripentol is at least in part mediated by an enantioselective conjugation mechanism [160]. Further studies examining the influence of the route of administration demonstrated that this inversion phenomenon was not observed when stiripentol was administered intravenously or intraperitoneally (Fig. 17). Finally, in vitro experiments suggest that stiripentol may undergo partial acid-catalyzed racemization in the rat stomach before absorption from the G1 tract [161]. 

Trichlorophenol Zinc acetate Zinc fluoride Zinc naphthenate Zinc sulfate preservative, wood agric. packaging Mineral spirits Paraffin Pentachlorophenol Sodium pentachlorophenate Zinc petroleum sulfonate... 

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