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Penicillin antibacterial spectrum

Penicillin V is an orally administered phenoxy-methyl congener of penicillin G having an antibacterial spectrum of activity that is similar to that of penicillin G. Penicillin V is used to treat streptococcal infections when oral therapy is appropriate and desirable. [Pg.529]

It has an antibacterial spectrum similar to benzyl penicillin but is less active. It is gastric acid stable and effective on oral administration. [Pg.319]

Penicillin and its first generation of semisynthetic analogues are active mainly against Gram positive bacteria. The antibacterial spectrum is somewhat broadened,... [Pg.548]

These drugs retain the antibacterial spectrum of penicillin and have improved activity against gram-negative organisms. Like penicillin, however, they are relatively susceptible to hydrolysis by 13 lactamases. [Pg.984]

Penicillin V, the oral form of penicillin, is indicated only in minor infections because of its relatively poor bioavailability, the need for dosing four times a day, and its narrow antibacterial spectrum. Amoxicillin (see below) is often used instead. [Pg.988]

V) can be administered orally but have a relatively narrow antibacterial spectrum. Some semisynthetic penicillins (amoxicillin, ampicillin) have a broader antibacterial spectrum and may be administered either orally or parenterally, depending on the specific agent. [Pg.504]

The three inhibitors differ slightly with respect to pharmacology, stability, potency, and activity, but these differences are of little therapeutic significance. B-Lactamase inhibitors are available only in fixed combinations with specific penicillins. The antibacterial spectrum of the combination is determined by the companion penicillin, not the B-lactamase inhibitor. (The fixed combinations available in the USA are listed in the Preparations Available section.) An inhibitor will extend the spectrum of a penicillin provided that the inactivity of the penicillin is due to destruction by B... [Pg.1045]

All penicillins contain a common nucleus composed of a thiazolidine ring and a p-lactam ring connected to a side chain. An intact P-lactam ring is necessary for biologic activity, but the side chain primarily determines the antibacterial spectrum, susceptibility to destruction by gastric acid and P-lactamase enzymes, and pharmacokinetic properties. [Pg.179]

Benzylpenicillin (1942) is produced by growing one of the penicillium moulds in deep tanks. In 1957 the penicillin nucleus (6-amino-penicillanic acid) was synthesised and it became possible to add various side-chains and so to make semisynthetic penicillins with different properties. It is important to recognise that not all penicillins have the same antibacterial spectrum and that it is necessary to choose between a number of penicillins just as it is between antimicrobials of different structural groups, as is shown below. [Pg.216]

Amoxicillin is a broad spectrum penicillin antibiotic that was first marketed by Beecham Pharmaceuticals in 1972. A co-formulation with potassium clavulanate, marketed by Beecham in 1981, extended the antibacterial spectrum to include (3-lactamase producing organisms. Amoxicillin is on the World Health Organisation s list of essential drugs. [Pg.4]

Although useful, increased acid stability (Penicillin V) and prolonged duration (amine salts) did not address the increasing resistance problem, nor did it produce the desirable goal of broadening the antibacterial spectrum of penicillins, especially into the Gm- realm. [Pg.207]

This development almost immediately began to help solve problems of the early penicillins susceptibility to penicillinase inactivation (i.e., resistance) and narrow antibacterial spectrum (primarily Gm+). [Pg.208]

The acylation of 6-APA with a,a-disubstituted aryl acetic acids yielded penicillins carrying a substituent on the a or benzylic carbon of the R side chain. Those of particular interest were penicillins carrying the polar -NH2 group (i.e., a-aminobenzyl penicillins) (Table 6-2, No. 13). The fact that this compound was acid stable and orally absorbed was not particularly novel (see penicillin V). Its antistaphylococcal activity was 25-60% less than that of penicillin G (the D-isomer was more active than the racemic d, l). However, its antibacterial spectrum was dramatically different. Ampicillin s spectrum, unlike previous penicillins, encompassed many important Gm- bacteria. Species of Hemophilus, Proteus, Salmonella, Shigella, and Escherichia succumbed to ampicillin. Even though resistant... [Pg.209]

Piperacillin (Pipracil) extends the spectrum of ampicillin to include most strains of P. aeruginosa, Enterobacteri-aceae (non-P-lactamase-producing), many Bacteroides spp., and E. faecalis. In combination with a P-lactamase inhibitor (piperacillin-tazobactam, Zosyn) it has the broadest antibacterial spectrum of the penicillins. Pharmacokinetic... [Pg.575]


See other pages where Penicillin antibacterial spectrum is mentioned: [Pg.409]    [Pg.413]    [Pg.248]    [Pg.320]    [Pg.51]    [Pg.494]    [Pg.270]    [Pg.428]    [Pg.432]    [Pg.412]    [Pg.548]    [Pg.545]    [Pg.994]    [Pg.152]    [Pg.98]    [Pg.310]    [Pg.311]    [Pg.328]    [Pg.272]    [Pg.6]    [Pg.152]    [Pg.227]    [Pg.228]    [Pg.2756]    [Pg.299]    [Pg.247]    [Pg.307]    [Pg.308]    [Pg.313]    [Pg.314]    [Pg.177]    [Pg.203]    [Pg.210]    [Pg.213]    [Pg.227]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.549 ]




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