PED

PED Photoelectron diffraction [107-109] x-rays (40-1500 eV) eject photoelectrons intensity measured as a function of energy and angle Surface structure... 

APD, ARPEFS Azimuthal PED, angle- Same as PED resolved photoemission extended fine structure Spectroscopy of Emitted X-rays or Photons Same as PED... 

PD (covers a variety of other acronyms, like ARPEFS, ARXPD, ARXPS, ARUPS, NPD, OPD, PED) yes 88 7.9... 

A. Ethyl mandelale. To 152 g. (1.0 mole) of mandelic acid and 200 ml. of absolute ethanol in a 1-1. round-bottomed flask f< ui[)ped with a reflux condenser, there is added 100 ml. of abso-liile ethanol containing about 10 g. of anhydrous hydrogen chlo-lidc (Note 1). The solution is heated under reflux on a steam bath for 5 hours, then poured into 11. of ice water in a 3-1. beaker (Note 2). A saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate is added until the mixture is faintly alkaline (Note 3). It is I lien extracted with two 300-ml. portions of ether in a 2-1. separatory funnel. The ether extracts are washed with a 200-ml. por-lioii of water and dried over 50 g. of anhydrous sodium sulfate. The dried ether solution is concentrated by distillation from a 25()-ml. Claisen flask, and the residue is distilled at reduced pressure. I here is obtained 147-154 g. (82-86%) of ethyl mandel-iilc, l).p. 144-145°/16 mm. The ester may crystallize upon standing for a prolonged period. It melts at 30.5-31.5°. 

Meteloidine, CJ3H21O4N, was found by Pyman and Reynolds in Datura It crystallises from benzene in tabular needles, m.p. 141-2°, L Jo i 0, is readily soluble in alcohol or chloroform, sparingly so in water, benzene. The hydrobromide, B. HBr. 2H2O, occurs in chisel-s ped needles, m.p. 250° dry) the auriehloride, B. HAUCI4. JHjO,... 

Fuss, foot, pedal, ped- low, bottom, base, inferior, -blatt, n. May apple (Podophyllum pdtatum), sole (of the foot). 

Used by permission 1997ASHRAE Handbook, I-PEd., Fundamentals, Table 1, p. 18.2, 1997. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. 

Buboa ypaBHeHHH ABHKeHHH B (j)opMax JlarpaHJKa h 3h-jiepa coflepjKHTCH TaK e, nanpHMep, b KHHrax [5, 6 ]. — flpuM. ped. 

Be3flouKofl oTMeieubz paOoTU, AoOaBjieuubze pejiaKTopoM ne-peBOfla. — IJpuM. ped. 

Experience in the prospective management of either children. J. Ped. Surg. 24, 163-166. Gronert, G.A. (1980), Malignant hyperthermia. Anesthesiology 53,395-413. 

According to Schwab (1964a, 1978), a cmriculum can be interpreted theoretically in terms of three substractures the substantive Sub), the philosophical Phil) and the pedagogical Ped), which should together form a coherent set that fit together (cf the fitting jig-saw puzzle in Fig. 2.2). 

Students are to be trained as future scientists They are taught by transmission to reproduce a set of chemical propositions and algorithms (Ped)... 

Students learn by participation in authentic practices they perform authentic tasks (Ped-new)... 

Conditions two and three can only be fulfilled in iteration using Schwab s substmctures of a curriculum Phil - Ped - Sub). The main question is how to start the iteration. To work out a new vision on the learning of micro-macro thinking, there needs to be an interrelation between chosen philosophies on chemistry (education Phil) that is consistent with a pedagogical theory Ped). An example is extensively described by Meijer, Bulte, Pilot (2005 see also Pilot et al. in this book) chemistry is considered as a human activity in relevant communities of practice Phil), while learning Ped) is to take place as participation in such (situated) communities of practice. To avoid the use of the traditional conceptual stracture... 

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