Pearl Black 2000 carbon powder

The composition of the polyurethane gel electrolyte was PU EC PC salt in the ratio 1 2 2 0.1 (w/w).The components were dissolved in 30 mLtetra-hydrofuran and the solution was stirred for 24 h to complete homogenization, then it was cast in a mold to obtain a solid thin-film gel electrolyte. Similarly, Pearl Black 2000 carbon powder (0.10 g), 0.2 g of the above electrolyte solution and additional plasticizer/salt solution (additional plasti-cizer/salt solution was prepared from EC-PC (1 1 v/v) and lithium perchlorate in the ratio 10 1 (w/w)) in the range of 20-200 wt% with respect to the initial mass of the carbon composite electrode homogenized mixture, were cast to make films. To make the cell assembly, the gel electrolyte was sandwiched between high surface area carbon-cloth and carbon-composite electrodes respectively. 

When carbon black has been formed, the pyrolysis reaction is stopped by quenching with water. Further cooling, down to 200 to 300 °C, is achieved by passing the gas/carbon black mixture into heat exchangers the heat which is recovered is used to pre-heat the combustion air. The carbon black is separated in special filters. The residual gas is used in an incineration plant, to produce energy. The carbon black, which arises in powder form, is transferred to a pearl machine to convert it into pearl black for easier handling. 

FIGURE 2.12 SEM micrographs of cathode GDL surfaces with MPLs prepared using different carbon powders (a) Acetylene black (AB), (b) Black Pearls 2000 (BP), and (c) Composite carbon with 90% AB and 10% BP [30],... 

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