Peak using spectroscopic technique

Next, we studied the interaction of the two systems using spectroscopic techniques. The absorption spectrum of 5 pM BSA, following the addition of GSH at various concentrations, is shown in Figure 5.9a. The absorption peak at 380 nm was diminished even at the lowest GSH concentration tested. The fluorescence and decay lifetimes were also studied for the same concentrations (Figure 5.9b ... 

Conversion andi p data may also be obtained using spectroscopic techniques such as Raman spectroscopy (73-75) and infrared spectroscopy (15,50,73,75-77). Here, peaks in these spectra correlate to functional groups within a molecule. As the monomer is converted to polymer, the peaks associated with the 0=C bonds decrease. The conversion in the system may be calculated by ratioing this peak height or area at any point in time to the initial peak height or area, as shown in Figure 8 ... 

SALI compares fiivorably with other major surface analytical techniques in terms of sensitivity and spatial resolution. Its major advantj e is the combination of analytical versatility, ease of quantification, and sensitivity. Table 1 compares the analytical characteristics of SALI to four major surfiice spectroscopic techniques.These techniques can also be categorized by the chemical information they provide. Both SALI and SIMS (static mode only) can provide molecular fingerprint information via mass spectra that give mass peaks corresponding to structural units of the molecule, while XPS provides only short-range chemical information. XPS and static SIMS are often used to complement each other since XPS chemical speciation information is semiquantitative however, SALI molecular information can potentially be quantified direedy without correlation with another surface spectroscopic technique. AES and Rutherford Backscattering (RBS) provide primarily elemental information, and therefore yield litde structural informadon. The common detection limit refers to the sensitivity for nearly all elements that these techniques enjoy. 

Dye lasers have been one of the most widely used types of tunable laser. In pulsed conditions, typical peak powers are in the range of 10 -10 W. In the cw regime, reported powers are in the order of watts, with linewidths of around 1 MHz. Due to their flexibility in design and performance, dye lasers have been commonly used in a great variety of spectroscopic techniques, including high-resolution spectroscopy. 

Spectroscopic detectors measure partial or complete energy absorption, energy emission, or mass spectra in real-time as analytes are separated on a chromatography column. Spectroscopic data provide the strongest evidence to support the identifications of analytes. However, depending on the spectroscopic technique, other method attributes such as sensitivity and peak area measurement accuracy may be reduced compared to some nonselective and selective detectors. The mass spectrometer and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer are examples of spectroscopic detectors used online with GC and HPLC. The diode array detector, which can measure the UV-VIS spectra of eluting analytes is a... 

The fullerenes have been extensively studied by mass spectrometric techniques (Sections 2 and 4) and stable peaks for the cluster ions C2 (2n > 32), as well as evidence for species down to C2o, have been observed. Those fullerenes which are sufficiently stable and/or abundant to be isolated in macroscopic amounts have been investigated further using a range of physical and spectroscopic techniques. 

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