Pathogens metabolism

Staphylococcus aureus Pathogen Metabolic labeling label-free iTRAQ Response to antibiotics (204-206)... 

The main application of BTH is to control powdery mildew in wheat and barley. BTH is an important defense response inducer, but it did not affect the pathogen metabolism like fungicides. In order to determine whether BTH played a role in SAR, a susceptible wheat cultivar was infected with Erysiphe graminis f. sp. triticL, then sprayed with BTH ten days after inoculation. A hypersensitive response was successfully initiated. This was a clear... 

Plants are constantly subject to adverse environmental conditions such as drought, flooding, extreme temperatures, excessive salts, heavy metals, high-intensity irradiation and infection by pathogenic agents. Because of their immobility, plants have to make necessary metabolic and structural adjustments to cope with the stress conditions. To this end, the expression of the genetic programme in plants is altered by the stress stimuli to induce and/or suppress the production of specific proteins which are either structural proteins or enzymes for specific metabolic pathways. 

Pathogenic organisms possess certain properties which enable them to overcome these primary defences. They produce metabolic substances, often enzymic in nature, which facilitate the invasion of the body. The following are examples of these. 

The harvest is a very eomplex mixture of bacterial cells, metabolic products and exhausted medium. In the ease of a live attenuated vaccine it is innocuous and all that is necessary is for the baeteria to be separated and resuspended in an appropriate menstmum, possibly for freeze-drying. In a vaccine made Irom a pathogen the harvest may be intensely dangerous and great care is necessary in the following procedures. 

The purpose of this chapter is to examine, in some detail, the evidence that abnormal metabolism of free radicals is of pathogenic importance in a number of diseases. In order to do this, the contribution of free radicals to the inflammatory or pathological process will be... 

Genes regulated by Fur code for proteins that function in iron transport and iron metabolism under aerobic conditions, iron metabolism is associated with oxidative stress. In addition, some virulence factors are regulated by Fur. Table 3.2 lists examples and functions of Fur- and iron-regulated genes in E. coli, including pathogenic E. coli strains. 

---