Surface waters passive sampling

British Standards Institute (BSI). Publicly available specification Determination of priority pollutants in surface water using passive sampling (PAS-61), May 2006. 

BSI, 2006. British Standards Institute Publicly Available Specification Determination of Priority Pollutants in Surface Water Using Passive Sampling (PAS-61), May. 

Configuration of these samplers has been described in detail by Alvarez et al. (2004, 2007) and Huckins et al. (2006) as well in the UK standard PAS 61 2006 Determination of priority pollutants in surface water using passive sampling (PAS 61 2006). Both devices consist of a receiving phase (sorbent or lipid) enclosed in a diffusion membrane. 

Use of Passive Samples for Monitoring Metals in Surface Waters... 

USE OF PASSIVE SAMPLES FOR MONITORING METALS IN SURFACE WATERS... 

Allan I.J., Knutsson J., Guigues N., Mills G.A., Fouillac A-M. and Greenwood R., 2008. Chemcatcher and DGT passive sampling devices for regulatory monitoring of trace metals in surface water, J. Environ. Monit., 10, 821-29. 

The collection of surface water samples generally falls into two classes of methods active or passive. Active sampling techniques involve physically taking a sample... 

By the use of many commercial abrasive processes, the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys can be reduced to such an extent that samples of metal that may lie quiescent in salt water for many hours will, after shot blasting, evolve hydrogen vigorously, and the corrosion rate, as measured by loss of weight, will be found to have increased many hundred-fold. The effect in normal atmospheres is naturally much less, yet the activation of the surface is an added hazard and is the opposite of passivation which is essential if later-applied paint finishes are to have proper durability. 

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