Particle high-pressure generator

Silica packings are popular because they can withstand the high pressures generated when 10- to 30-cm columns packed with 3- to 10- im particles are used. Silica is abundant, inexpensive, and available in a variety of shapes, sizes, and degrees of porosity. In addition, functional groups can be readily bonded to the silanols, and the chemistry of the bonding reactions... 

Onion-like graphitic clusters have also been generated by other methods (a) shock-wave treatment of carbon soot [16] (b) carbon deposits generated in a plasma torch[17], (c) laser melting of carbon within a high-pressure cell (50-300 kbar)[l8]. For these three cases, the reported graphitic particles display a spheroidal shape. 

Static electricity can also be generated by the movement of particles, such as dusts or snow driven by high winds, or by steam driven by high pressure... 

Englezos et al. (1987a,b) generated a kinetic model for methane, ethane, and their mixtures to match hydrate growth data at times less than 200 min in a high pressure stirred reactor. Englezos assumed that hydrate formation is composed of three steps (1) transport of gas from the vapor phase to the liquid bulk, (2) diffusion of gas from the liquid bulk through the boundary layer (laminar diffusion layer) around hydrate particles, and (3) an adsorption reaction whereby gas molecules are incorporated into the structured water framework at the hydrate interface. 

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