PARP-1 and the Shape of Cell Death

For example, leakage of cell content fix m necrotic cells tri ers inflammation, whereas rapid elimination of apoptotic cells by macrophages protects surrounding cells from secondary damage. Many authors conceive that apoptosis is an aaive process that is finely r ulated while necrosis is a passive and uncontrollable process. However, in view of the active role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activation in DNA damage-induced necrosis, this concept needs to be revised. 

PARP-1 is a nuclear enzyme activated by DNA breakage. Activated PARP-1 cleaves NAD into ADP-ribose and synthesizes a long, branching (ADP-ribose)n polymer attached to glutamate 

Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation, edited by Alexander Biirkle. 2006 Landes Bioscience and Springer Science+Business Media. 

Tightly regulated Hardly any regulation (except from PARP-related regulation) 

Nuclear fragmentation, apoptotic body formation. Chromatin condensation No characteristic nuclear alterations 

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Virag L. PARP-1 and the shape of cell death. In Burkle A, editor. Poly(ADP-ribosyl) ation. Landes Bioscience, Georgetown, TX, 2005 141-154. 

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