Parmelia saxatilis

Crespo, A., Molina, M.C., Blanco, O. et al. (2002). rDNA ITS and beta-tubulin gene sequence analyses reveal two monophyletic groups within the cosmopolitan lichen Parmelia saxatilis. Mycological Research 106, 788-795. 

Europe (early mod- See European use of usnea cranii humani under Parmelia saxatilis em era) (Llano 1948)... 

Gulluce M, Aslan A, Sokmen M et al (2006) Screening the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the lichens Parmelia saxatilis, Platismatia glauca, Ramalina pollinaria, Ramalina polymorpha and Umbilicaria nylanderiana. Phytomedicine 13 515-521 Halama P, van Haluwin C (2004) Antifungal activity of lichen extracts and lichenic acids. Biocontrol 49 95-107... 

Parmelia saxatilis species. Antioxidant activities of these isolated metabolites were evaluated by free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging and reducing power. As a result of the study, usnic acid had stronger antioxidant activity than salazinic acid and protocetraric acid in all used tests. 

Parmelia saxatilis, Alectoria nigricans Salazinic acid, alectorialic acid Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), HSV-1, HSV-2 Omarsdottir et al. (2006)... 

IsiDiA Regeneration on Thalli of Parmelia saxatilis Exposed to Sulfur Dioxide"... 

Production and regeneration of isidia can be influenced adversely by air pollution, thereby reducing the reproductive capacity of lichens in polluted areas. Pyatt (1969a), for example, used 1-cm Parmelia saxatilis from... 

Fig. 6. Relative rates of apparent CO, intake after different periods of submersion of terrestrial and amphibic lichens. The samples were submerged in fresh water at 15.5°Cand illuminated for 14 hours a day (2000 lux). After the submersion period, the CO2 intake rates were measured at 17°C and 10,000 lux. A—A, Rhizocarpon geographicum — , Lecidea soredizodes , Verrucaria silicea -, Parmelia saxatilis. (After Ried, 1960b.)...

Different coloring of the thalli was observed even with the same lichen species (Parmelia saxatilis.Xanthoria parietina) in relation to the illumination intensity of its habitat. Pigmentation has been interpreted as being a protection against irradiation (Bitter, 1901 Galli6e, 1908 Laudie/a/., 1969). Ertl... 

Observations around point sources in Britain suggest that they produce lichen deserts, the margins of which are frequently characterized by damaged thalli, e.g., chalky white L. conizaeoides or Parmelia saxatilis and P. sulcata which show abnormal pink, white, or brown coloration in the thallus. These colors which may to some extent be reversible are caused by sublethal fumigations associated with abnormal weather conditions or an unusually heavy exposition of pollutants. The edge of deserts associated with powerful point sources are thus not in as complete a state of equilibrium as urban deserts where pollution levels are more stable. 

The Sulfur Content of Parmelia saxatilis from Different Parts of the... 

Chapter 4.1. Nitrogen Containing Compounds. Diacylglyceryl-A,A,A-trimethylhomoserine was found in Cladonia fimbriata, Parmelia saxatilis, Peltigera canina, P. collina, and P. horizontalis (Kunzler K, Eichenberger W (1997) Betaine Lipids and Zwitterionic Phospholipids in Plants and Fungi. Phytochemistry 46 883). 

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