Parchment glue

Proteins Egg, milk and casein, animal glue, silk, wool, vegetable proteins (e.g. garlic, beans), human and animal tissues (e.g. mummies) Paint binders, adhesives, textiles, commodities, parchment... 

It was a Scot, Thomas Graham, who explained colloids, in 1862. He noticed that some solutions passed through parchment paper, others didn t. lie discovered that most of those that filtered through were of chemicals that formed crystals — he called them "crystalloids. The others he called colloids — from Greek kollodes, glue-like. 

If skin or hide is dried, even minus the hair and epidermis, it becomes a hard material, like horn. If the skin is thin, this product can be used as a tough parchment, but little else. This behavior is attributed to the proteins and proteoglycans found among the fibers of the hide, which act as a glue when they dry. 

Parchment rise, Itg Paris glue, 119 Patent glue, 119 Peataerytluritol, 24 Penthrit, 24, 43... 

When the solution starts to clear remove it firom the heat. To use, dilute with water. extracted from fish by heating the skin or bones in water, is a good size for use on parchment. 

USE In manuf of fertilizers, explosives, dyestuffs, other acids, parchment paper, glue, purification of petroleum, pickling of metal. 

OTHER COMMENTS used in manufacture of fertilizers, dyes and pigments, explosives, electroplating baths, parchment paper, glue, and other acids useful as a lab reagent used as an alkylation catalyst and in the purification of petroleum. 

Subsequently Graham passed to the study of the diffusion of dissolved substances. Solutions of substances like salt, sugar, or copper sulfate, he discovered, would find their way through a blocking sheet of parchment (presumably containing sub-microscopic holes). On the other hand, dissolved materials such as gum arabic, glue, and gelatin... 

The materials that could pass through parchment (and happened to be easily obtained in crystalline form) Graham called crystalloids. Those that did not, like glue (in Greek, kolla), he called colloids. The study of giant molecules became an important part of the study of colloid chemistry, which Graham had thus opened up. ... 

The first coated abrasive made goes back to the 13th Century, when the Chinese used crushed seashells as an abrasive grain and bonded them to parchment paper with natural gums. Other forms of coated abrasives were made by applying abrasive minerals to animal skins, leather, etc., and as time passed, animal hide glues and varnishes were used to bond grain to paper and cloth. 

Intervening between true solutions and unstable suspensions, which can be separated by simple mechanical methods, is a class of solutions termed colloidal by Graham, in 1856, to denote their glue-like non-crystallisable nature, as distinct from that of the crystalloids, or solutes present in true solutions. By selective dialysis, or filtration through parchment, he was able to separate colloids from accompanying diffusible crystalloids. Subsequently, it was found that the intrinsic difference between the two groups... 

---