Parallel track mechanism

Parallel track Mechanism to provide patients with AIDS or related diseases early access to experimental therapies. 

Parallel Track Mechanism A U.S. Public Health Service policy that makes promising investigational drugs for AIDS and other HIV-related diseases more widely available under parallel track protocols while the controlled clinical trials essential to establish the safety and effectiveness of new drugs are carried out. The system established by this policy is designed to make drugs more widely available to patients with these illnesses who have no therapeutic alternatives and who cannot participate in the controlled clinical trials. 

Parallel Track is another mechanism that permits dispensing investigational drugs, particularly to AIDS patients that do not qualify to participate in controlled clinical trials of promising drug candidates. The parallel track policy was developed by the US Public Health Service in response to the AIDS epidemic. Federal Register of 21 May 1990)... 

Another mechanism used to permit wider availability of experimental agents is the "parallel track" policy (Federal Register of May 21, 1990) developed by the U.S. Public Health Service in response to AIDS. Under this policy, patients with AIDS whose condition prevents them from participating in controlled clinical trials can receive investigational drugs shown in preliminary studies to be promising. 

Lee (1995) has proposed a model for fast-track diffusion to explain the effects of combined lattice diffusion and diffusion along fast diffusion pathways through the lattice such as defects. Lee proposed that the combined diffusion could be modeled as two parallel diffusion mechanisms with argon atoms partitioning between the two. The mathematical model produces realistic release patterns, but does not currently take account of the distances between fast track pathways and the time taken for atoms to reach one (cf. Arnaud and Kelley 1995). Future development of the fast track model may provide very fruitful avenues for research. 

Olfactory systems help to track down matters of concern, such as food sources, shelters, oviposition sites or social interaction partners. How does this work in a fly (For classical accounts see Rodrigues and Siddiqi 1978 and Rodrigues 1980.) Are the mechanisms similar to those in mice or in humans Indeed, there are surprising parallels between these phylogenetically distant kinds of animal (Ache and Young 2005 Hildebrand and Shepherd 1997 Strausfeld and Hildebrand 1999). These similarities do not necessarily postulate a common origin of olfactory systems, however rather, to the extent that these systems are not of common origin, similarities and discrepancies between them point to common versus specific functional demands of olfactory systems in different animals. 

A major limitation of the parallel plate technique is limited fiber density and mat thickness, as explained in Sect. 3.2.1. This problem can be overcome by utilizing other forces that are able to overcome the electrostatic repulsive force between nanofibers. Thick aligned nanofiber mats were fabricated across parallel plates when a magnetic field was used to attract fibers to a mesh across parallel plates [97]. Another technique utilized mechanical forces to assemble low density aligned fiber arrays into thicker constructs [98]. This technique used automated tracks to provide continuous mechanical assembly of fiber arrays, and allows theoretically infinite mat thicknesses. 

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