Para-nitroaniline

Push-Pull Resonance. The Basicity of para-Nitroaniline.203... 

Compare the geometry of para-nitroaniline to those of both aniline and nitrobenzene. Is there any evidence for push-pull resonance contributors Is there shortening of bonds to the amino and nitro groups Are the bonds in the ring localized Is the dipole moment for para-nitroaniline smaller, larger or about the same as the sum of the dipole moments for aniline and nitrobenzene What does your result say about the importance of push-pull resonance contributors ... 

Electro.static potential map for para-nitroaniline shows negatively-charged regions (in red) and positively-charged regions (in blue). 

More recently, a colorimetric-based LAL procedure has been devised. This entails addition to the LAL reagent of a short peptide, susceptible to hydrolysis by the LAL clotting enzyme. This synthetic peptide contains a chromogenic tag (usually para-nitroaniline, pNA) which is released free into solution by the clotting enzyme. This allows spectrophotometric analysis of the test sample, facilitating more accurate end-point determination. 

Mikkelsen, K., Luo, Y., Agren, H. and Joergensen, P. Solvent induced polarizabilities and hyperpolarizabilities of para-nitroaniline studied by reaction field linear response theory, J.Chem.Phys., 100 (1994), 8240-8250... 

As was the case for dinitrobenzene, the meta and para nitroaniline isomers have essentially the same gaseous enthalpy of formation. In the gaseous phase, it is surprising to find that despite the more attractive quinonoid resonance structures92 for the para isomer (58) than for the meta (59) the met a and para nitroaniline have essentially the same gas-phase enthalpy of formation. In the solid and liquid states the intermolecular stabilization lowers the enthalpy of formation of the para isomer relative to the meta. Interestingly, the gas-phase intramolecularly hydrogen-bonded ortho isomer is of comparable stability to its isomers. In contrast, it is considerably less stable than its isomers in the solid state because it can form fewer intermolecular hydrogen bonds. All isomers of nitroaniline are more stable than calculated by additivity. 

Synonyms AI3-08926 AIDS-19458 l-Amino-4-nitrobenzene 4 Aminonitrobenzene jO-Amino nitrobenzene Azoamine red ZH Azofix Red GG salt Azoic diazo component 37 BRN 0508690 C-02126 CCRIS 1184 C.I. 37035 C.I. azoic diazo component 37 C.I. developer 17 Developer P Devol red GG Diazo fast red GG EINECS 202-810-1 Fast red base GG Fast red base 2J Fast red 2G base Fast red 2G salt Fast red GG base Fast red GG salt Fast red MP base Fast red P base Fast red P salt Fast red salt GG Fast red salt 2J IG base Naphtolean red GG base NCI-C60786 4-Nitraniline jo-Nitraniline Nitrazol 2F extra jo-Nitroaniline para-Nitroaniline 4-Nitrobenzenamine p-Nitrobenzenamine 4-Nitrophenylamine p-Nitrophenylamine PNA RCRA waste number P077 Red 2G base Shinnippon fast red GG base UN 1661. 

Nitroaniline, see 2-Nitroaniline ortho-Nitroaniline p-Nitroaniline, see 4-Nitroaniline para-Nitroaniline, see 4-Nitroaniline... 

W. Composizioni a fumo rosso (Red smoke compns) a) Red of para-Nitroaniline 60,... 

The two studies described here involve A the inter-molecular interactions in the crystal structures of meta-and para-nitroaniline and the predictable formation of stoichimetic cocrystals which may potentially be used to create new materials of interest. 

Fig. Resonance structures for para-nitroaniline and mefa-nitroaniline. Reactivity...

Para-nitroaniline was obtained by A. W. Hofmann [1] who nitrated acetanilide to p- nitroacetanilide which was then hydrolysed with a sodium hydroxide solution. 

R. Cammi, L. Frediani, B. Mennucci, K. Ruud, Multiconfigurational self-consistent field linear response for the polarizable continuum model Theory and application to ground and excited-state polarizabilities of para-nitroaniline in solution, J. Chem. Phys. 119 (2003) 5818. 

Para-nitroaniline (PNA) represents one of the simplest compounds low lying excited states characterized by an with intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) from -NH2 to -N02, thus extremely sensitive to the presence of a stabilizing polar solvent, and therefore serves as an important model for theoretical [30-32] and experimental [33-38] studies. 

Preparation method of the chromophore involves the condensation of para-nitroaniline with thiocyanate in methanol and the bromine radical cyclization using bromine in acetic acid. In this case only one product - 2-(methylamino)-6-nitroben-zothiazole - was obtained, which is easily purified over column chromatography using neutral alumina [589],... 

EXAMPLE 7.9 Predict the chemical shifts of each aromatic carbon in para-nitroaniline ... 

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