Palmer Land

During the IGY the USA also maintained Ellsworth Station (77°43 S, 041°08 W) on the Filchner Ice Shelf from 1957 to 1962. A personal account of life at this station was later published by Behrendt (1998). Following the IGY, the USA opened Siple Station (75°33 S, 083°33 W) in 1969 and occupied the site, which is located 2,450 km from McMurdo Station, until 1989 when the last version of Siple Station was closed. Eights Stations at75°14 S, 077°10 W in southwestern Palmer Land was operated by the USA from... 

Dissolution and precipitation can occur as contaminants travel from the land surface to groundwater aquifers. These processes can affect water chemistry, and they can significantly modify the physical and chemical properties of porous media (Lasaga 1984 Palmer 1996 Dijk and Berkowitz 1998, 2000 Darmody et al. 2000). Under some conditions, large quantities of mass can be transferred between the liquid and solid mineral phases. 

Figure 1 gives an overview of the cruise tracks and the DMS sampling stations in the Drake Passage and in Bransfield Strait. The land base in Antarctica was Palmer Station on Anvers Island. Most of the measurements were made in open ocean areas (Drake Passage) and in the inshore areas of Gerlache Strait. 

Palmer, J. R. 1986. Jaii lessons for land managers in the tropics. Ms presented at the International Workshop on Rainforest Regeneration and Management, Guri Venezuela, 24-28 November, 1986, under auspices of the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Program. Proceedings 1986. 

AUibone AH, Cox SC, Graham IJ, SmiUie RW, Johnstone RD, Ellery SG, Palmer K (1993a) Granitoids of the Dry Valleys area, southern Victoria Land, Antarctica Plutons, field... 

Dahl PS, Palmer DF (1981) Field study of orbicular granitic rocks in Taylor VaUey, southern Victoria Land. Ant J US 16(6) 47 9... 

Dahl PS, Palmer DF (1983) The petrology and origin of orbicular tonalite from western Taylor Valley, southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. In Oliver RJ, James PR, Jago JB (eds) Antarctic Earth Science. Australian Academy of Science, Canberra, ACT, pp 156-159... 

Graham IJ, Palmer K (1987) New precise Rb-Sr mineral and whole-rock dates for I-type granitoids from Granite Harbor, south Victoria Land, Antarctica. New Zealand Antarctic Record 8(l) 72-80... 

Nichols RL (1963) Geologic features demonstrating aridity of the McMurdo Sound area, Antarctica. Amer J Sci 261 20-31 Palmer DF, Bradley J, Prebble WM (1967) Orbicular granodior-ite from Taylor VaUey, south Victoria Land, Antarctica. Geol Soc Amer Bull 78 1423-1428... 

These considerations warrant further study to determine exposure ages of rock surfaces in the ice-free valleys of southern Victoria Land by means of cosmogenic nuclides (Schafer et al. 1999 Summerfield et al. 1999) and to measure the abrasion rate of rocks in the ice-ffee valleys by natural processes (Miotke 1979a, b Malin 1984). The endolithic lichen and algae have continued to attract the attention of microbiologists of North America and Europe (Friedmann and Ocampo 1976 Friedmann 1977 Hirsch et al. 1988 Meyer et al. 1988 Palmer and Friedmann 1988 Ocampo-Friedmann et al. 1988 Bonani et al. 1988). 

M. Barltrop, Elealin for All The Story of the Greatest Discovery of any Age (London The Panacea Society, 1924) and R. Fox, Mow we BuiltJerttsalem in England s Green and Pleasant Land (London Cecil Palmer, 1931). 

The simple argument to describe the coupling is identical to the derivation of the Lande interval rule for atomic spectra and has been discussed many times (Gibson et al, 1966 Griffith, 1972 Orme-Johnson and Sands, 1873 Palmer, 1973). The total spin Hamiltonian for the system is taken as... 

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