Palmaz-Schatz stent

Hardhammar, P.A., van Beusekom, H.M., Emanuelsson, H.U., Elofma, S.E1., Albertsson, P.A., Verdouw, P.D. et al. (1996) Reduction in thrombotic events with heparin-coated Palmaz-Schatz stents in normal porcine coronary arteries. Circulation, 93, 423 130. 

Serruys, P.W., Emanuelsson, H., van der Giessen, W., Lunn, A.C., Kiemeney, F., Macaya, C. et al. (1996) Heparin-coated Palmaz-Schatz stents in human coronary arteries. Early outcome of the Benestent-II Pilot Study. Circulation, 93, 412—422. 

Kimura T, Nosaka H, Yokol H, Iwabuchi M, Nobuyoshi M. Serial angiographic follow-up after Palmaz-Schatz stent implantation comparison with conventional balloon angioplasty. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993 21 1557-1563. 

Hardhammar P Van Beusekom H, Emanuelsson H, et al. Reduction in thrombotic events with heparin-coated Palmaz-Schatz stents in normal coronary arteries. Circulation 1996 93 423-430. 

FoltsJ, Maalej N, KeaneyJ, LoscalzoJ. Coating Palmaz-Schatz stents with a unique NO donor renders them much less thrombogenic when placed in pig carotid arteries [abstr]. Circulation 1995 92 1-670. 

Kedev S, Guagliumi G, Valsechi O, Tespili M. Heparin-coated versus uncoated Palmaz-Schatz stent in native coronary circulation. A randomized study with blind angioscopic assessment. Int J Artif Organs 2002 25(5) 461 -469. 

CS = Cardiogenic shock GR 11= Gianturco-Roubin II stent PS = Palmaz-Schatz stent. 

Ozbek, C., Heisel, A., Gross, B., Bay, W., and Schieffer, H., Coronary implantation of silicone-carbide-coated Palmaz-Schatz stents in patients with high risk of stent thrombosis without oral anticoagulation, Cathet. Car-diovasc. Diagn., 1997 41(l) 71-78. 

Stents. A coronary stent is a wire-mesh tube that is inserted into an artery to improve blood flow. It is placed as part of an angioplasty to remove a blood clot or plaque deposit and remains permanently. Charles Dotter invented the first coronary stent in 1969 and implanted it in a dog. Stents were implanted in humans in Europe as early as 1986. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the Palmaz-Schatz stent, a balloon-expandable coronary stent, for human use in 1994. 

Heparin-coated Palmaz-Schatz, Wiktor, Jostent, BX Velocity, and beStent have been investigated in clinical studies. All studies showed that heparin-coated stents are safe, even in high-risk lesions. When compared with balloon angioplasty, heparin-coated stents could significantly reduce the rate of subacute stent thrombosis and the late restenosis. However, no significant difference of restenosis was observed between the heparin-coated stent and the bare stent control. 

Stratienko A, Zhu D, Lambert C, et al. Improved thrombore-sistance of heparin coated Palmaz-Schatz coronary stents in an animal model [abstr]. Circulation 1993 88 1-596,... 

Kozuma K, Kara K, Yamasaki M, et al. Effects of cilostazol on late lumen loss and repeat revascularization after Palmaz-Schatz coronary stent implantation. Am Heart J 2001 141 124-130. 

There are now various expandable meshed metallic stents used in the ureter such as Wallstents (Schneider, Minneapolis, Minn.), Palmaz-Schatz (Johnson and Johnson Interventional Systems, Warren, N.J.) and Ultraflex (Boston Scientific, Boston, Mass.) stents. The Wallstent consists of multiple stainless steel filaments (0.14 mm in caliber), woven in a crisscross pattern to form a tubular mesh that self-expands to a predetermined diameter and length. The stent is compliant and flexible it moulds to the lumen of the ureter but leaves more than 75% of its surface free of metal. Expandable metal stents have received widespread recognition in the treatment of a variety of occlusive diseases, particularly in the arterial and biliary systems. The advantages over plastic polymers are their larger luminal diameter, the ease of placement, the ability to limit the length of the area the stent covers so that it closely... 

J.C. Palmaz, D.T. Kopp, H. Hayashi, R.A. Schatz, G. Hunter, F.O. Tio, O. Garcia, R. Alvarado, C. Rees, S.C. Thomas, Normal and stenotic renal-arteries—experimental balloon-expandable intraluminal stenting. Radiology 164 (1987) 705-708. 

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