Packing data Raschig rings, ceramic

The first of the widely used random packings were Raschig rings which are hollow cylinders of ceramics, plastics, or metal. They were an economical replacement for the crushed rock often used then. Because of their simplicity and their early introduction, Raschig rings have been investigated thoroughly and many data of their performance have been obtained which are still useful, for... 

FIG. 14-58 Typical holdup data for random packings and the air-water system. The raschig rings are of ceramic material. To convert pounds per hour per fr to Idlograms per second per m , multiply hy 0.001.356 to convert inches to millimeters, miinltiplyhy 25.4. [Shulman etal., AIChE J. i, 247 (I.9.5.5).]... 

Sater and Levenspiel43 studied an air-water system in a 10.16-cm-i.d. glass column packed with either 1.27-cm ceramic Berl saddles or 1.27-cm Raschig rings to a height of 3.66 m. Iodine-131 was used as liquid-phase tracer. The dynamic liquid holdup data obtained under trickle-flow conditions correlated well with the above Eq. (8-3) of Otake and Okada.38... 

FIGURE 5.8-13 Typical vendor data ou random packing pressure drop. One-inch ceramic Raschig rings, air-water system (Norton Co.). 

As early as the 1930s, the US and Germany began collecting design data for packed columns, albeit initially for ceramic spheres and Raschig rings only. 

Hguie 4-12. Values of Hqg for absorption of ammonia in water (packed tower, 2-in. ceramic raschig rings). Data ofFellinger(1941)... 

Zhavoronkov, based on data for hurdle packings with boards co ed in their bottom part, and for arranged ceramic Raschig rings, obtained [1S8] the equation ... 

Figure 5-12. Relative deviation S(Ap/H) of experimental data for determination of pressure drop (Ap/H)exp up to flooding point acc. to Eqs. (5-9) and (5-10), valid for saddle packing made of plastic and ceramic, for plastic Ralu rings and Ralu-Flow and for metal Super rings by Raschig. No. of system see Table 2-2. Test conditions see Table 5-la-c...

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