Ozone thermodynamic properties

Propane is beneficial working fluid due to its good thermodynamic properties, low cost, availability, compatibility with constructional materials, environmental friendliness. The latest circumstance is very important because of the ozone depleting by chlorfluorocarbons CFC and hydrochlorfluorocarbons HCFC. So, propane as other hydrocarbons is welcomed and used as working fluid in heat pumps for heating application in Europe [2, 3]. 

The important message from this example is that it is the thermodynamic properties and phase behavior that determine which fluids could serve as refrigerants. Once the range of possible fluids has been determined, questions of cost, safety, ozone depletion, and global warming must also be taken into account. 

Chlorofluorocarbons have unique chemical and thermodynamic properties that make them very attractive for a wide variety of applications, ranging from refrigeration and air conditioning to foam blowing and medical sterilants. Unfortunately, as mounting evidence shows, their inertness allows CFCs to be transported to the stratosphere, where their photolysis releases chlorine atoms that participate in catalytic ozone destruction. Consequently, the manufacture and use of these compounds is being phased out. 

OZONE. [CAS 10028-15-6]. Ozone, O3, is an allolropic form of oxygen first recognized as a unique substance in 1840. Its pungent odor is detectable at "0.01 ppm. It is thermally unstable and explosive in the gas, liquid, and solid phases. In addition to being an excellent disinfectant, ozone is a powerful oxidant not only thermodynamically, but also kinetically, and has many useful synthetic applications in research and industry. Its strong oxidizing and disinfecting properties and its innocuous... 

An understanding of GPC (both nucleation and growth) requires knowledge of which of the possible species participate in nucleation, their concentrations, and their thermodynamic and nucleation properties. For the atmosphere, one needs the concentrations not only of precursor gases but also of the oxidants, ozone,... 

Reliable prediction of thermodynamic and kinetic properties for chemical processes (e.g., reactions of chlorinated hydrocarbons on surfaces and in aqueous systems, atmospheric oxidation of organic precursors to ozone and aerosols) as well as for designing green chemical manufacturing processes. 

Other possible oxidizing agents—for example, peroxydisulfate or ozone—although thermodynamically feasible, are evidently too slow. The reason for the difficulty in preparing perbromic acid is not satisfactorily understood. This is another example of the anomalous properties of elements that follow the completion of the 3d subshell, which we have encountered previously (see Chapter 9, p. 243 and Chapter 14, p. 385). 

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