Oxygen isotope ratios for

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Figure 1. Deuterium isotope ratio vs. oxygen isotope ratio for world-wide precipitation (IAEA data), showing the slope of eight (31). 

Figure 8. Distribution of Carbon and Oxygen isotope ratios for modern shells.

Coplen TB, Kendall C (2000) Stable Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotope Ratios for Selected Sites of the U.S. Geological Survey s NASQAN and Benchmark Surface-water Networks. USGS Open-File Report 00-160... 

The oxygen isotopic ratios of modem Olivella biplicata shells reflected local sea temperature and conditions. Figure 3.16 shows the oxygen isotope ratio for sequential samples from the same modem shell from Santa Barbara taken at 0.5 mm intervals. The samples record a complete year in the formation of the shell and isotope ratios reflect the changes in water temperature across the seasons. 

The 16/18 oxygen isotopic ratios for the 987.8 and 1012.9 cm bands are different from values for the... 

Sharp, Z.D. 1990 A laser-based microanalytical method for the in situ determination of oxygen isotope ratios of silicates and oxides. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 54 1353-1357. 

Valley, J.W., Kitchen, N., Kohn, M.J., Niendorf, C.R. and Spicuzza, M.J. 1995 UWG-2, a garnet standard for oxygen isotope ratios strategies for high precision and accuracy with laser heating. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 59 5223-5231. 

Matsuhisa, Y. and Utada, M. (1993) Hydrothermal activity responsible for the Kuroko mineralization inferred from oxygen isotopic ratios of altered rocks from the western area of the Hokuroku district, northern Japan. Bull. Geol. Surv. Japan, 44 (213/4), 155-168 (in Japanese). 

SMOW Acronym for Standard Mean Ocean Water, used as a chemical and isotopic reference standard, for example, when studying oxygen isotope ratios. soap A cleaning agent made by the reaction of an oil or fat with an alkali such as soda. 

Coplen, T. B. (1996) New guidelines for reporting stable hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen isotope ratio data. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 60, 3359. 

In a 72 year sequence of Sequoia gigantea. measured year by year for its oxygen isotope ratios, we find the... 

Figure 12B. Oxygen isotope ratios in C. japonica calibrated for temperature change using temperatures obtained from (a) time of cherry tree blooms, (b) first freezing of Lake Biwa, and (c) number of snowy days per year (26).

Figure 16. Oxygen isotope ratio vs. time in S. gigantea, measured for each year.

Figure 25. Oxygen isotope ratio in world-wide precipitation vs. monthly average air temperature, showing that for every point on the line in Figure 1, there is a corresponding average air temperature.

Finally, we now predict that for all trees which subsist on rainwater, the deuterium and oxygen isotope ratios will be related linearly on their rings with a slope of 8 [77], namely,... 

Stichler, W. 1995. Interlaboratory comparison of new materials for carbon and oxygen isotope ratio measurements. Pp. 67-74 in Reference and Intercomparison Materials for Stable Isotopes of Light Elements, Vienna International Atomic Energy Agency, LAEA-TECDOC-825. 

In principle, the three isotope method may be widely applied to new isotope systems such as Mg, Ca, Cr, Fe, Zn, Se, and Mo. Unlike isotopic analysis of purified oxygen, however, isotopic analysis of metals that have been separated from complex matrices commonly involves measurement of several isotopic ratios to monitor potential isobars, evaluate the internal consistency of the data through comparison with mass-dependent fractionation relations (e.g., Eqn. 8 above), or use in double-spike corrections for instrumental mass bias (Chapter 4 Albarede and Beard 2004). For experimental data that reflect partial isotopic exchange, their isotopic compositions will not lie along a mass-dependent fractionation line, but will instead lie along a line at high angle to a mass-dependent relation (Fig. 10), which will limit the use of multiple isotopic ratios for isobar corrections, data quality checks, and double-spike corrections. 

Oxygen isotope ratio analysis provides a powerful tool for the study of water/rock interaction. The geochemical effect of such an interaction between water and rock or mineral is a shift of the oxygen isotope ratios of the rock and/or the water away from their initial values, given that their compositions are not in equilibrium. 

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