Oxygen isotope analysis

Cerling, T. and Sharp, Z. 1996 Stable carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of fossil tooth enamel... 

O Neil, J.R., Roe, L.J., Reinhard, E. and Blake, R.E. 1994 A rapid and precise method of oxygen isotope analysis of biogenic phosphate. IsraelJournal of Earth Sciences 42 203-212. 

Schwarcz, H.P., Gibbs, L. and Knyf, M. 1991 Oxygen isotopic analysis as an indicator of place of origin. In Pfeiffer, S. and Williamson, R.E, eds.. Snake Hill An Investigation of a Military Cemetery from the War of 1812. Toronto, Dundurn Press 263-268. 

Saurer M, I Robertson, R Siegwolf, M Leuenberger (1998) Oxygen isotope analysis of cellulose an interlaboratory comparison. Anal Chem 70 2074-2080. 

Hayashi, K., Maruyama, T. and Satoh, H. (2000b) Precipitation of gold in a low-sulfidation epithermal gold deposit Insights from a submillimeter scale oxygen isotope analysis of vein quartz. Econ. Geol, 96, 211-216. 

Shackleton, N. J. (1973), Oxygen isotope analysis as a means of determining season of occupation of prehistoric hidden sights, Archaeometry 15,133-141. 

Keywords carbon, oxygen, isotopic, analysis, marble... 

In an attempt to establish the fluid and metal sources and to help constrain a genetic model, stable isotope studies (O, Pb, S) were conducted on selected occurrences. Oxygen isotope analysis of quartz vein material from eight separate occurrences yielded values of 10.9-16.0%o. Assuming equilibrium between quartz and the hydrothermal fluid, the values calculated for the mineralizing fluids, at temperatures between 300-400°C, range between 4.0 and 11.9%o. This overlaps accepted values for both magmatic and metamorphic fluids. 

Thermal effects can be overcome by vapourizing samples with ultraviolet (UV) KrF and ArF lasers, thus making possible in situ oxygen isotope analysis of silicates (Wiechert and Hoefs 1995 Fiebig et al. 1999 Wiechert et al. 2002). 

Bonifacie M, Jendrzejewski N, Agiinier P, Humler E, Coleman M, Javoy M (2008) The chlorine isotope composition of the Earth,s mantle. Science 319 1518-1520 Borthwick J, Harmon RS (1982) A note regarding CIF3 as an alternative to BrFs for oxygen isotope analysis. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 46 1665-1668 Bottcher ME (1996) and C/ C fractionation during the reaction of carbonates with... 

Ellis AS, Johnson TM, Bullen TD (2004) Using chromium stable isotope ratios to quantify Cr(Vl) reduction lack of sorption effects. Environ Sci Techn 38 3604-3607 Elsenheimer D, VaUey JW (1992) In situ oxygen isotope analysis of feldspar and quartz by Nd-YAG laser microprobe. Chem Geol 101 21 2 EmUiani C (1955) Pleistocene temperatures. J Geol 63 538-578... 

Vennemann TW, Fricke HC, Blake RE, O Neil JR, Colman A (2002) Oxygen isotope analysis of phosphates a comparison of techniques for analysis of AgsP04. Chem Geol 185 321-336 Vogel JC, Grootes PM, Mook WG (1970) Isotopic fractionation between gaseous and dissolved carbon dioxide. Z Physik 230 225-238... 

Wiechert U, Hoefs J (1995) An exdmer laser-based microanalytical preparation technique for in-situ oxygen isotope analysis of sUicate and oxide minerals. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 59 4093 101... 

The zircon reference material 91500 discussed before seems to be very suitable for calibrating in situ oxygen isotope analysis. For example, SIMS was employed to study the 8 0 value on the zircon single crystal 91500 . No systematic differences in SIMS 8 0 data were observed between individual fragments of zircon crystal. Peck et alP studied oxygen isotope ratios by ion microprobe analysis for evidence of oxygen isotope variation in continental crust and oceans in 3.3 to 4.4 X 10 year old zircons. In addition, the authors also analyzed rare earth elements (REEs). ... 

Mcllvin, M. R., and Altabet, M. A. (2005). Chemical conversion of nitrate and nitrite to nitrous oxide for nitrogen and oxygen isotopic analysis in freshwater and seawater. Analytical Chemistry 77, 5589-5595. 

As already indicated, a special problem with esters is their preparation from two natural precursor molecules by a chemical ester synthesis. Such products have to be labelled nature-identical. For an interesting positional H-NMR study on ethyl butyrate from enzymatic esterification of beet ethanol with butyric acid from milk see [317]. Another chance to detect a corresponding adulteration would be a positional carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of the ester components. Isotope effects on the esterification reaction in question seem to influence characteristically the 8-values of the atoms involved, and hence form a basis for the origin assignment of these compounds (for further details see 6.2.2.4.4). 

Without any doubt the most valuable development in mass spectrometry has been multi-compound/multi-isotope analysis. This implies the application of GC-C/P-IRMS to the on-line analysis, not only of carbon but also of other isotopes, preferably of hydrogen and oxygen, in the individual components of a mixture, and the use of the metabolic and isotopic correlations obtained from such an analysis. In the course of this chapter, the potential of (positional) oxygen isotope analysis has been emphasised several times and this will still be a challenge of the future. The advantage of GC-C/ P-IRMS is its speed in performance and the very moderate demand on sample size and purity, and also its implication for automation. The information available can easily be correlated to that of other (classic) analyses. However, a disadvantage will be always that the data concern a global mean value for the whole molecule in question. 

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