Oxidizing agent strengths

Suong oxidizers have more potential incompatibilities than perhaps any other chemical group (with the exception of water reactive substances). It is safe to assume that they should not be stored or mixed with any other material except under carefully controlled conditions. Common oxidizing agents listed in decreasing order of oxidizing strength include ... 

Plastic Material First Introduced Strength Electrical Properties Acids Bases Oxidizing Agents Common Solvents Product Manufacturing Methods Common Applications... 

Use standard potentials (Table 18.1) torn compare the relative strengths of ditferent oxidizing agents different reducing agents. (Example 18.2 Problems 9-18) 9,10,16,18... 

Of the four halogens, iodine is the weakest oxidizing agent. Tincture of iodine, a 10% solution of I2 in alcohol, is sometimes used as an antiseptic. Hospitals most often use a product called povidone-iodine, a quite powerful iodine-containing antiseptic and disinfectant, which can be diluted with water to the desired strength. These applications of molecular iodine should not delude you into thinking that the solid is harmless. On the contrary, if I2(s) is allowed to remain in contact with your skin, it can cause painful bums that are slow to heal. 

Arrange the following species in order of increasing strength as oxidizing agents for species in aqueous solution ... 

Self-Test 15.2A How does (a) the acidity of a nitrogen oxuacid and (b) its strength as an oxidizing agent change as the oxidation number of N increases from +1 to +5 ... 

The halogens show smooth trends in chemical properties down the group fluorine has some anomalous properties, such as its strength as an oxidizing agent and the lower solubilities of most fluorides. 

The interhalogens have properties intermediate between those of the constituent halogens. Nonmetals form covalent halides metals tend to form ionic halides. The oxoacids of chlorine are all oxidizing agents both acidity and oxidizing strength of oxoacids increase as the oxidation number of the halogen increases. 

The halic acids may not be industrially important, but their salts certainly are. Sodium chlorate is produced in enormous quantities and used in processes in which its oxidizing strength makes it a versatile bleach. One such use is in making paper, and potassium chlorate is used as the oxidizing agent in matches. The decomposition of potassium chlorate was discussed in Chapter 13 in connection with the laboratory preparation of oxygen. 

F2 has the most positive standard reduction potential and therefore is the strongest of all common oxidizing agents. Oxidizing strengths of the diatomic halogen molecules decrease down Group 7A. 

When the temperature rises, polyphenylene sulfide can be attacked by hot strong acids and bases, chlorinated solvents, oxidizing agents, halogens, amines. For example, a given grade is unusable after a few months in 10% nitric acid at 90°C. After 1 year at 90°C in 37% hydrochloric acid, the retention of tensile strength is 29%. 

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