Oxide dispersion-strengthened process

Mechanical alloying was originally developed in the late 1960s at the International Nickel Company as a means of manufacturing oxide dispersion strengthened alloys for aerospace applications. Since then, the process of mechaiucal alloying... 

G.J. Grant, S. Koduri, and D.R. Herling, Friction Stir Welding of Ma957 Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Ferritic Steel, Friction Stir Welding and Processing III,... 

To finalize this section, I would like to mention that some papers delve into the studies of radiation tolerance of laminated composites with the thickness of layers not increasing tens of nanometers. By varying the thickness of such materials, we can investigate the main mechanisms of influence produced by interphase boundaries on the behavior of radiation defects. The irradiation of multilayered structures with the ions of inert gases first of all with helium allows for the modeling of processes that may arise during the reactor-induced irradiation of oxide dispersion-strengthened steels and alloys. 

Wallwork, 1978). Metallurgical factors also can be important - binary ingot-processed alloys were found to require an A1 concentration for AI2O3 scale formation approximately 4 at.% greater than for oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) Fe-Al alloys at 900 °C (Pint et al., 1999c). This reduction was attributed to the fine, oxide dispersion-stabilized grain size of the particular ODS alloys studied. 

The technique of rapid soHdification enables relatively large amounts of insoluble metallic elements to be finely dispersed within atomized powders. Upon freezing very small intermetaUic particles are formed, resulting, after further processing, in a high volume fraction of finely dispersed particles within the aluminum matrix and hence a dispersion strengthened aUoy. The intermetaUic phases, or possibly oxidic species, responsible for the dispersion strengthening are probably binary Al-Fe and ternary Al—Fe—Ce compounds. 

Dispersion-strengthened lead (DSL), obtained by a uniform dispersion of lead oxide through the lead particle matrix, has the traditional corrosion resistance of lead but much greater stiffness. DSL is fabricated as pipe and other extruded items, but has a limited application for process plant construction because the welding technique does not provide adequate strengths in joints. 

Nazmy, A. Rydstad, H. Process for increasing the oxidation and corrosion resistance of a component made of a dispersion strengthened superalloy by a surface treatment. US Patent, No. 4,909,859 (1990). 

The generalized BE approach also finds application in the P/M processing of composite materials for high-temperature service— i.e., the term could be applied to the introduction of oxide particles or unconstitutional precipitates (e.g., refractory intermetallic compounds) as dispersion strengtheners, or of suitably coated SiC or refractory metallic whiskers for fiber reinforcement. 

It has been observed that solid oxide fuel cell voltage losses are dominated by ohmic polarization and that the most significant contribution to the ohmic polarization is the interfacial resistance between the anode and the electrolyte (23). This interfacial resistance is dependent on nickel distribution in the anode. A process has been developed, PMSS (pyrolysis of metallic soap slurry), where NiO particles are surrounded by thin films or fine precipitates of yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) to improve nickel dispersion to strengthen adhesion of the anode to the YSZ electrolyte. This may help relieve the mismatch in thermal expansion between the anode and the electrolyte. 

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