Oxidation-specific epitopes

Napoli et al. [286] found that the nifedipine treatment of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SPSHR) suppressed the plasma and LDL oxidation and the formation of oxidation-specific epitopes and increased the survival of rats independently of blood pressure modification. Their results suggest that the protective effects of calcium blockers of dihydro-pyridine-type on cerebral ischemia and stroke may, at least in part, depend on their antioxidant activity. In vivo antioxidant effect of nilvadipine on LDL oxidation has been studied in hypertensive patients with high risk of atherosclerosis [287], It was found that there was a significant decrease in the level of LDL cholesterol oxidation in patients after nilvadipine treatment. 

Napoli C, Salomone S, Godfraind T, Palinski W, Capuzzi DM, et al. 1999. 1,4-Dihydropyridine calci um-channel blockers inhibit plasma and LDL oxidation, formation of oxidation-specific epitopes in the arterial wall and prolong survival in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Stroke 30 1907-15... 

Chang, M.K. et al. Monoclonal antibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein bind to apoptotic cells and inhibit their phagocytosis by elicited macrophages evidence that oxidation-specific epitopes mediate macrophage recognition. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96 (1999) 6353-8. 

O Brien, K.D., C.E. Alpers, J.E. Hokanson, S. Wang, and A. Chait. 1996. Oxidation-specific epitopes in human coronary atherosclerosis are not limited to oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Circulation 94 1216-1225. 

Miller, Y. L, Choi, S. H., Wiesner, R, Fang, L., Harkewicz, R., Hartvigsen, K., Boullier, A. et al. Oxidation-specific epitopes are danger-associated molecular patterns recognized by pattern recognition receptors of innate immunity. Circ. Res. 108 2011 2352-2348. 

Chang, M.-K. et al. Apoptohc cells with oxidation-specific epitopes are immunogenic... 

Miller YI, Choi S-H, Wiesner P et al. Oxidation-specific epitopes are danger-associated molecular patterns recognized by pattern recognition receptors of innate immunity. 

Chou M-Y Fogelstrand L, Hartvigsen K et al. Oxidation-specific epitopes are dominant targets of innate natural antibodies in mice and humans. The Journal of Clinical Ijjvesti atia 2009 119 1335-1349. 

Palinski W, Ord VA, Plump AS, et al. ApoE-deficient mice are a model of lipoprotein oxidation in atherogenesis. Demonstration of oxidation-specific epitopes in lesions and high titers of autoantibodies to malondialdehyde-lysine in serum. Arterioscler Thromb 1994 14 605-616. 

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