Oxidation process schematic

Air-Based Direct Oxidation Process. A schematic flow diagram of the air-based ethylene oxide process is shown in Figure 2. Pubhshed information on the detailed evolution of commercial ethylene oxide processes is very scanty, and Figure 2 does not necessarily correspond to the actual equipment or process employed in any modem ethylene oxide plant. Precise information regarding process technology is proprietary. However, Figure 2 does illustrate all the saUent concepts involved in the manufacturing process. The process can be conveniently divided into three primary sections reaction system, oxide recovery, and oxide purification. 

A. Process Schematic. A schematic of the main process sequence for the conversion of plutonia scrap to high-purity metal is shown in Figure 2. Plutonia scrap is fed to both the direct oxide reduction (DOR) process and the plutonium tetrafluoride production/ reduction process. 

Fig. 3-4 Electron transport process schematic, showing coupled series of oxidation-reduction reactions that terminate with the reduction of molecular oxygen to water. The three molecules of ATP shown are generated by an enzyme called ATPase which is located in the cell membrane and forms ATP from a proton gradient created across the membrane.

Fig. 37. Schematic diagram of the Ag(I/II)/nitric acid (DNE) electrochemical oxidation process [283, 304]...

The situation is shown schematically in Figure 11.7, which shows that oxidation and reduction processes can be brought about when the potential values for the CB and VB straddle the potentials of the reduction and oxidation processes. 

Figure 39 Schematic representation of the S-state cycle operating in the water oxidation process of photosynthesis together with the oxidation states of the manganese atoms of the Mn4 cluster in the different S-states...

Figure 2. Schematic of advanced oxidation processes classification.

Figuro 12 Ultrox ultraviolet/oxidation process flow schematic. Equipment includes an O3 generation and feed system and an oxidation reactor mounted with UV lamps inside H2O2 feed is optional. (Courtesy of Ultrox International.)...

Thus, a new layer of oxide is generated as schematically shown in Fig. 10. Water molecules are present in the oxide structure incorporated during the oxidation process. This water combines with... 

Figure 13.3 Schematic diagram of the electrochemical oxidation of a multilayer film containing covalently attached ferrocene (Fc) sites. X represents anions from the supporting electrolyte that neutralize the Fc+ sites created. Parts A through F represent various times during the oxidation process.

An electron is excited from the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) when a molecule in solution absorbs light. The excited electron in the LUMO may transfer to a neighboring molecule (oxidant) in solution, leading to the reduction of the oxidant, whereas the electronic hole (electron vacancy) in the HOMO may transfer to another neighboring molecule (reductant) in solution, resulting in the oxidation of the reductant. Quite similar photoinduced reduction-oxidation processes can occur at the semiconductor/solution (semiconductor/liquid) interface when a semiconductor in solution absorbs light. Fig. 4.1 schematically illustrates the... 

The different oxygenated species (1)—(8) which are liable to play a role in oxidation processes are schematically represented in Figure 1. Dioxygen is a potential four-electron acceptor, and its interaction with reduced transition metals is expected to be complex.14... 

Scheme 2 Schematic presentation of the cyclical oxidation process and some of the main reactions/products formed from the propagating radicals. The antioxidant mechanisms interrupting the oxidative cycles are also shown. AO antioxidant, CB-A chain breaking acceptor, CB-D chain breaking donor, PD peroxide decomposer, UVA UV-absorber, MD metal deactivator...

SCHEME 22.1 Schematic presentation of cyclical oxidation process according to the mechanism presented by Bolland (1946). 

The reactions of the various hydrocarbons in partial oxidation processes are shown schematically in the following equations [512]-[515]. The reaction enthalpies listed (Eqs. 62-68) are not standard enthalpies, but assume 150 °C for the reactants and 1260 °C for the reaction product [512] ... 

Figure 2 Schematic showing principle oxidation processes in the troposphere in NO -rich air (after Prinn, 1994). In NOj.-poor air (e.g., remote marine air), recychng of HO2 to OH is achieved hy reactions of O3 with HO2 or hy conversion of 2HO2 to H2O2 followed hy photodissociation of H2O2. In a more complete schematic, nonmethane hydrocarbons (RH) would also react with OH to form acids, aldehydes and ketones in...

We first write down the chemical reaction that schematizes the oxidation process, namely ... 

Fig, 15. A schematic diagram illustrating the different two-electron oxidation processes undergone by Fe(III) hemes in horseradish peroxidase [Fe(IV)(por )], yeast cytochrome c peroxidase [Fe(IV(por)(R )], and diheme cytochrome c peroxidase. The porphyrin ring is represented by the square. Histidine is the proximal ligand in all cases. R represents an amino acid side chain. 

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