Oxidation of halogens

Oxidation of side chains. The oxidation of halogenated toluenes and similar compounds and of compounds with side chains of the type —CHjCl and —CH OH proceeds comparatively smoothly with alkaline permanganate solution (for experimental details, see under AromcUic Hydrocarbons, Section IV.9,6 or under Aromatic Ethers, Section IV,106). The resulting acid may be identified by a m.p. determination and by other teats (see Section IV,175). 

Behrman EJ, RY Stanier (1957b) Observations on the oxidation of halogenated nicotinic acids. J Biol Chem 228 947-953. 

As already mentioned above, the oxidation of halogenated TTFs to the radical cation state is found to activate the halogen atom for entering into a halo-... 

Quench elbow and secondary scrubber. This system is used to remove acid gases formed from the catalytic oxidation of halogenated organic compounds. The operation of the secondary scrubber is identical to that of the primary scrubber with the exception of a recirculation cooler that maintains scrubber exit gas temperature at 120°F. The secondary scrubber has a constant liquid blowdown that is collected in holding tanks and tested for agent prior to release. 

As revealed in the following three sections, work dealing with the electrochemical oxidation of halogenated organic compounds is centered largely on the behavior of alkyl, alicyclic, and aryl halides. A review by Becker [4] provides an especially good perspective of developments in these areas. 

Anodic oxidation of halogenated tyrosines was studied in connection with some sponge metabolites (cavemicolin model compounds). The methyl exter of 3,5-dibromotyrosine afforded four different products in a 41 10 26 23 ratio with 23% overall yield as a result of equilibration. (Scheme 44) [93JCS(P2)3117], A related compound was obtained as a mixture of stereoisomers 56 from a Diels-Alder reaction between N-acetyldehydroalanine methyl ester and l-methoxy-l,3-cyclohexadiene (87TL2371). 

Fig. 3.23 Oxidation of halogenated quinolines to halogenopyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acids [260]...

There are only a few reports on the dioxirane oxidation of halogen-containing compounds. The oxidation of the chloride to the hypochlorite anion by DMD (in situ) is one... 

Ross DS, Jayaweera IS, Leif R. Improved method for hydrothermal oxidation of halogenated organic compounds with addition of specific reactants. U.S. Patent 5,746,926, 1998. 

Chu CS, Huang CP. Electrochemical oxidation of halogenated compounds in dilute aqueous solution. Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Oxidation Technologies for Water and Air Remediation, London, Ontario, Canada 1994 118-119. 

At the oxidation of halogen-containing polymers, the release of halogen atoms which are in P-position to a radical site of chloroalkyl radicals should be considered as well. Worth of noting here is the fact that abstraction of a halogen atom may occur also in a-position [90],... 

In this work we have studied two commercial oxide-based catalysts with a variety of feeds containing hydrocarbons, chlorocarbons, and mixtures of the two. The experiments deal primarially with oxidation at constant total conversion (> 99%) over extended periods of time, and much data are presented as the temperature-required vs time-on-stream to maintain the set conversion level [4]. Hydrocarbon oxidation has, of course, been studied for many years. The total oxidation of halogenated VOC s is, though, a relatively new area [5,6] ... 

In basic melts, at the positive potential limit the oxidation of halogen ions occurs [449] ... 

Figure 3 Supercritical Water Oxidation of Halogenated Hydrocarbons...

Oxidations of halogenated alkenes to carboxylic acids are discussed in a previous section, Oxidative Cleavage of Double Bonds (equations 118-120). 

Photooxidations of Halocarbons. In addition to the photoreduction pathways, other indirect photochemical reactions are significant in the oxidation of halogenated organic compounds. These reactions were reviewed else-... 

Catalysts for the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOC) are generally supported platinum or palladium catalysts. Copper oxide, vanadium oxide and chromium oxide are suitable for the oxidation of halogenated compounds. 

Due to the formation of dioxin during common gas phase oxidation, special attention has been paid to the oxidation of halogenated aromatic compoimds like 2,4-dichlorobenzene, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, tetrabromobisphenol A, 3-chlorobiphenyl,... 

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