Oxidation bioactivation

J. S., Export by red blood cells of nitric oxide bioactivity, Nature 409 (2001),... 

Pohl, L.R., Martin, J.L., Taburet, A.M. and George, J.W. 1980b. Oxidative bioactivation of haloforms into hepatotoxins. In Microsomes, Drug Oxidations, and Chemical Carcinogenesis, Vol. II. Coon, M.J., et al., Eds. Academic Press, New York. Pp. 881—884. 

Thomas SR, Chen K, Keaney JF, Jr. Oxidative stress and endothelial nitric oxide bioactivity. Antioxid Redox Signa 2003 5 181-194. 

The following examples illustrate the bioprecursor-prodrug approach, although the intentional use of bioprecursor design is relatively recent and, in some cases, there are some doubts about the prospective or the retrospective character of the design. The hrst examples relate to oxidative bioactivations they are followed by examples of reductive bioactivations and dually by non-redox reactions. Often, however, the active species results from a cascade of metabolic reactions involving oxidative as well as reductive processes, complicated by hydrolytic reactions or hydration-dehydration sequences. 

Venhuis et al. observed a particularly original oxidative bioactivation mechanism by which an a, 3-unsaturated cyclic ketone is converted to the corresponding catechol and delivered enantioselectively into the CNS (Figure 36.29b). This concept can be generalized and has the potential to lead to new anti-Parkinson treatments. " ... 

Wing, K.D., Glickman, A.H., and Casida, J.E., Oxidative bioactivation of S-alkyl phosphorothiolate pesticides stereospecificity of profenofos insecticide activation. Science, 219, 63-65, 1983. 

Kalgutkar, A.S. et al., On the diversity of oxidative bioactivation reactions on nitrogen-containing xenobiotics, Curr. Drug Metab., 3, 379, 2002. 

CYP2J subfamily. CYP2J2 is the only gene of this subfamily. It is known to be expressed in many extrahepatic tissues and may play a role in the oxidative bioactivation of arachidonic acid to form epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, which modulate bronchial smooth muscle tone and airway transepithelial ion transport [53], CYP2J2 is also active toward other compounds such as linoleic acid and testosterone. Recently, it has been reported that CYP2J2 is involved in the intestinal first-pass metabolism of an antihistamine drug, astemizole [54],... 

B Oxidative bioactivation of losartan C Methyienedioxy derivatives as bioprecursors of catechols D Site-specific delivery of the acetyl-choline-esterase reactivator 2-PAM to the brain... 

Zenebe W, Pechanova O, Andriantsitohaina R (2003) Red wine polyphenols induce vasorelaxation by increased nitric oxide bioactivity. Physiol Res 52(4) 425-432... 

Perazzolli M, Dominici P, Romero-Puertas MC, Zago E, Zeier J, Sonoda M, Lamb C, Delledonne M. 2004. Arabidopsis nonsymbiotic hemoglobin AHbl modulates nitric oxide bioactivity. Plant Cell 16(10) 2785-2794. 

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