Oxidation anammox

Schmid MC et al. (2005) Biomarkers for in situ detection of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (Anammox) bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 71 1677-1684. 

The biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen is very much controlled by redox reactions. This perspective is presented in Figure 24.3 for the redox reactions that take place in the water column and sediments. The major pathways of reduction are nitrogen fixation, assimilatory nitrogen reduction, and denitrification. The major oxidation processes are nitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). Each of these is described next in further detail. 

Ammonium oxidation (anammox) anaerobic NH4+ oxidation with NO3 this may be another mechanism whereby N is lost from natural systems. 

Strous, M., van Gerven, E., Kuenen, J. G., andjetten, M. (1997). Effects of aerobic and microaerobic conditions on anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) sludge. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63, 2446-2448. 

Hietanen, S. (2007). Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in sediments of the Gulf of Finland. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 48, 197-205. 

Recent work has demonstrated that denitrification is not the only pathway producing N2. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) pathway has received considerable attention and appears to account for the lack of ammonium in some denitrifying regimes (e.g., Dalsgaard et al., 2003 Kuypers et al., 2003). In addition to to trace denitrification, parallel incubations with NH4+ are... 

Jetten M. S. M., Wagner M., Fuerst L, van Loosdrecht M., Kuenen G., and Strous M. (2001) Microbiology and application of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process. Curr. Opinion Biotechnol. 12, 283-288. 

Dalsgaard, T., B. Thamdrup, and D. E. Canfield. 2005. Anaerobic ammoninm oxidation (anammox) in the marine environment. Res. Microbiol. 156 457-464. 

Trimmer M., N. Risgaard-Petersen, J. C. Nicholls and P. Engstrom (2006) Direct measurement of anaerobic ammoninm oxidation (anammox) and denitrification in intact sediment cores. Marine Ecology Progress Series 326, 37-47 Tsonis, A. A. (2007) An introduction to atmospheric thermodynamics. 2" Edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., 181 pp. 

Sinninghe Damste, J.S., Rijpstra, W.I.C., Geenevasen, J.A.J., Strous, M., and Jetten, M.S.M. (2005) Structural identification of ladderane and other membrane lipids of planctomycetes capable of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). FEBS J., 272, 4270-4283. 

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