Overlapping windows

Fig. 23 Parallel tempering of the free-energy curves in the overlapping windows as a function of the number of molten units for a single 1024-mer at a temperature of 2.967 p/A b. The y-axis is not for the absolute value of the free energy but for the relative distribution of the free energy (Hu and Frenkel, unpublished results)...

When the range of to be sampled is too large, one divides this range into smaller overlapping windows and performs consecutive simulations in each window. This approach forms the basis for the widely used umbrella sampling70 method. 

One particularly interesting type of three-dimensional scanner that uses structured illumination is based on a phenomenon known as the moire effect. The moire effect is a fascinating visual display that often occurs when two periodic patterns are overlaid. It can easily be seen in everyday experiences such as overlapping window curtains or on television when a character wears a shirt with stripes that have nearly the same spacing as the... 

Fig. 13. In an umbrella sampling simulation for pathways configuration space is covered with a sequence of overlapping windows W[i]. For each window a separate transition path sampling simulation for paths with starting points in A and endpoints in >V[ ] is carried out. From the order parameter distributions matched where the windows overlap the distribution PA X,t) can be calculated...

An extension of the dual energy method is the use of triple windows in which three windows are chosen with two overlapping windows of different width having the same upper energy level located below the lower level of the photopeak, which is centered on 511 keV. Data are obtained for the object and a calibration phantom. A calibration factor is calculated from the ratio of counts in the two lower scatter windows for both the calibration phantom and the object. The scatter contribution to the photopeak is then estimated from the calibration factor and the narrower energy window data. This method works well for a wide range of activity distribution and object sizes. 

Slice alignments in overlapping windows of size 120 and slide 40. 

The file rnaz.out now holds all windows that have a positive RNAz signal with p > 0.5. It is possible that several windows cover the same genomic region. Overlapping windows are therefore clustered in loci. ... 

This command assigns each window a consecutively numbered window ID and each group of overlapping windows a locus ID. For each window and each locus all relevant data (use —help for details) is stored in a tabulator separated text file. 

The role of TH is the coordination of seemingly unrelated maturation processes. TH can influence these processes only temporarily during overlapping windows of development with regional specificity. Studies of clinical thyroid disorders and experimental models show that the timing of TH deficiency produces different effects, as illustrated in Figure 108.3 (Zoeller and Rovet, 2004). Furthermore, it is important to confirm the precise time when the THs critical point of activity in brain development occurs, such as the rate of cell division or cell death at specific times in the development of the cerebellum, in order to prevent the irreversible neurological deficits of hypothyroidism in childhood. 

The modulations due to interference from overlap-add can be quite audible, and depending on the rate of artifact occurrence, can manifest as either a roughness or an actual pitch (overlap windows spaced every one hundredth of a second will cause a clear 100 Hz tone to be heard in the processed waveform). This can be fixed somewhat by randomizing the window rate. This usually results in a decrease in the pitchiness of the artifacts, but introduces a noisy roughness. 

Substantial (nearby seeds can cause overlapping windows) Incomplete (requires additional steps to revisit skipped nodes) Poor (can be widely varying depending on adjacent net degree) Mediocre (overlapping clusters cannot be solved simultaneously)... 

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