Other Abbreviations

Abbreviations of titles of periodicals are defined as in the Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index (CASSI). Other abbreviations are self evident (see Chapter 1, p. 30). 

In addition to the nomenclature based on ISO and ASTM recommendations several other abbreviations are widely used. Those most likely to be encountered are shown in Table 4. 

ASA = acrylate-costyrene-coacrylonitrile POM = polyoxymeth-ylene. For other abbreviations see text. 

Smooth Muscle Tone Regulation. Figure 1 Mechanisms leading to agonist stimulated calcium-dependent and calcium-independent contraction of smooth muscle. NE, norepinephrine. See text for the other abbreviations. 

Abbreviations All, allyl MP, dimelhylaminopyridine or 2,4,6-trimelhylpyridine MOM, methoxy-methyl Piv, pivaloyl Tr, trityl other abbreviations are the same. Obtained accompanied with the 3,4-0-( methyl orthoacetyl)-a-D-galactoside the 0-deacetyl derivative was also reported. Inserted as a reference reaction. A mixture of two diastereoisomers. On hydrolysis (R = F), 3,6-dideoxy-3,6-difluoro-D-glu-copyranose is formed. Methanolysis gives methyl 3-deoxy-3-fluoro-a-D-galactopyranoside. 

Figure 12-7. Proposed sites of inhibition (0) of the respiratory chain by specific drugs, chemicals, and antibiotics. The sites that appear to support phosphorylation are indicated. BAL, dimercaprol. TTFA, an Fe-chelating agent. Complex I, NADHiubiquinone oxidoreductase complex II, succinate ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex III, ubiquinohferricytochrome c oxidoreductase complex IV, ferrocytochrome ctoxygen oxidoreductase. Other abbreviations as in Figure 12-4.

Figure 43-13. Several signal transduction pathways converge on CBP/p300. Ligands that associate with membrane or nuclear receptors eventually converge on CBP/p300. Several different signal transduction pathways are employed. EGF, epidermal growth factor GH, growth hormone PrI, prolactin TNF, tumor necrosis factor other abbreviations are expanded in the text.

Fig. 7. Our current understanding of the protein C pathway. V, and VIII, represent inactivated factors V and VIII, respectively. For an explanation of other abbreviations see text.

Table 5.4 Basic methods of surface analysis (e = electron, I = ion, hv = photon, other abbreviations are explained in the... 

There are other abbreviations used for the solubility of a compound. Some of the more popular abbreviations are... 

Abbreviations are your friends. You can save time by using commonly accepted abbreviations for chemical variables and graphical curves. With practice, you will get more adept at their use. There are a number of abbreviations present in the additional information supplied with the test. If you use any other abbreviations, make sure you define them. 

Table 2. Specification of the porphyrin part (P) of the general metalloporphyrin formula M(P)LX [4] and other abbreviations used (abbreviations in accord with the recent porphyrin review literature (21, 22) R, M, L, X specified in the text)...

HCIO4 perchloric acid, DOPA butyric acid. Other abbreviations (- )-3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl-L-alanine, see Table 5. GABA y-amino... 

H2SO4 Sulfuric acid, Other abbreviations see Table 5. 

Ionic charges are omitted, when not necessary for understanding. Other abbreviations commonly used ... 

Other abbreviations need to be written out in full form before using the abbreviated form, for example, tetrahydrofuran (THF). See The ACS Style Guide for a long list of accepted abbreviations. 

To conserve space, chemical names are often represented by bolded numbers (e.g., 4) or numbers and letters (e.g., 4a). Like other abbreviations, they are defined at first use, often in a figure or table. (See appendix A.)... 

Like other abbreviations, compound labels must be defined before they are used alone. In the text, the label is defined by placing it immediately after the fully named compound, usually without parentheses. (Some authors use parentheses, especially for compound labels in subheadings.) Compound labels may also be defined in graphical illustrations of the compound (e.g., equations, tables, figures, schemes). Once defined, the label may be used alone, without parentheses. Consider these examples ... 

Fig. I. Endocytic pathways used by cells to internalize soluble macromolecules [25] fluid-phase pinocytosis (1), adsorptive pinocytosis (2), and receptor-mediated endocytosis (pinocytosis) (6). Each of these processes involves a formation of a sealed vesicle formed from the plasma membrane which encloses part of the extracellular medium. The internalization of a polymer-drug conjugate (P-D), and targeted polymer-drug conjugate ( => —P-D) is shown. Other abbreviations — = cell surface receptor/antigen 1 = clathrin molecule X = lysosomal enzyme. Fluid-phase pinocytosis (1) and adsorptive pinocytosis (2) are nonspecific processes which direct the macromolecule into the lysosomal compartment of the cell. Once P-D is internalized, whether by (1) or (2), the resulting endosome (3) is ultimately fused with a primary lysosome (4) forming a secondary lysosome (5). In the latter compartment P-D is in contact with several types of lysosomal enzymes. The membrane of (5) is impermeable to macromolecules. Consequently, the structure of P-D may be designed in such...

Addn, addition centrgn, centrifugation evap, evaporation diln, dilution. Other abbreviations as in Table 20.2. 

DCE, dichloroethane DMSO, dimethylsulfoxide. Other abbreviations as in Tables 29.1 and 29.3. 

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