Osmotic release oral system tablets

Drug delivery systems of once-daily products (Concerta, Metadate CD, Ritalin LA, Adderall XR) provide 8 to 12 hours of symptom control. Concerta uses an oral osmotic (OROS) controlled-release delivery system, while other preparations use combinations of immediate-release or extended-release beads containing drug. Concerta is a nondeformable tablet and it should not be given to children with gastrointestinal narrowing due to the risk of obstruction. Older wax-matrix sustained-release products (e.g., Ritalin SR)... 

Risperidone free base preparations include film-coated tablets (1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 mg), orodispersible tablets (0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg), liquids at 1 mg/mL and depot preparations. Paliperidone is available as free base tablets (3, 6 and 9 mg), the hexadecanoate (palmitate) and extended release formulation using an osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system. 

In other indications such as hypertension, the OROS technology (oral osmotic system developed by ALZA) has already proven its value, and therefore it seemed appropriate to use this technology with its typical, virtually constant, release rate (zero-order kinetics) for once-daily opioid tablets. Such a morphine tablet is already available, but is not yet on the market, and a hydromorphone OROS is currently being clinically developed by Knoll. 

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