Orientation of filler particle in a matrix

The simplest method of particle orientation involves material compression.  

In an experiment, ferrite powders were dispersed in linear polyacrylamide, the gel was crosslinked, and the swollen gel compressed. This process resulted in particle orientation. Industrial processes, such as extrusion, injection, compression, and blow molding, fiber spinning, and thermoforming induce orientation due to flow. Typical parameters which control fiber orientation in these processes include  

Many other parameters may be involved depending on the method of processing. Such orientation not only occurs when processing from a solution or a melt but may also occur by inducing strain in the material. Glass fiber reinforced polyamide-6 was subjected to such a strain. Heated specimens were extended under controlled strain and cooled under extension. Hencky strain was calculated from the following equation  

Hencky strain initial length length after extension 

Fiber orientation was determined by microradiography. The images of microradiographs were digitized and their orientational distribution determined by image processing software. The fiber orientation function was calculated from the following equation  

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