Oriental polyphosphates

Calcium polyphosphate and calcium sodium polyphosphate [CaNa(P03)3] fibres containing highly oriented crystalline material have been developed as a non-toxic substitute for asbestos [47,48]. Such fibres are bio-degradable but are only very slightly soluble in water (Chapter 12.15). Calcium polyphosphate can also be obtained as a glass-ceramic (Chapter 12.9). 

A prominent FDA-approved chitin dressing is rapid deployment hemo-stat (RDH) (Marine Polymer Technologies) which costs 300 per dressing. One study shows that polymeric hber material based on P-NAG is more effective than alpha-chitin or chitosan, since these have a heterogeneous structure and are complexed with minerals and proteins. Moreover, the j3 structure (parallel orientation) of the hbers was found to be more effective than the a structure (antiparallel orientation). In another study, the hemostatic and antibacterial properties of chitosan dressings have been shown to be improved by the addition of polyphosphate polymers and silver nanoparticles respectively. One limiting factor is that all forms of chitin or chitosan bandages are not equally effective and the effectiveness varies from batch to batch. ... 

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