Organophosphorus compounds nerve agents

Keywords organophosphorus compound nerve agent adsorption decomposition soil metal... 

Chemical/Pharmaceutical/Other Class Persistent anticholinesterase compound or sulfonated organophosphorus (OP) nerve agent... 

Gordon, J.J., R.H. Inns, M.K. Johnson, L. Leadbeater, M.P. Maidment, D.G. Upshall, G.H. Cooper, and R.L. Rickard. The Delayed Neuropathic Effects of Nerve Agents and Some Other Organophosphorus Compounds." Archives of Toxicology 52 (1983) 71-82. 

Even more reactive towards acetylcholinesterase are the organophosphorus derivatives developed as chemical warfare nerve agents, e.g. sarin. Such compounds react readily with the enzyme and form very stable addition intermediates. It is unusual to see fluoride as a leaving group, as in sarin, but its presence provides a huge inductive effect, thus accelerating the initial nucleophilic addition step (see also Section 13.7). 

Nerve gases Probably the most widely stocked chemical agents liquid, gas or aerosol toxins belonging to the group of organophosphorus compounds, which are absorbed by the skin or lungs, usually within 20 to 30 minutes. 

John H, Worek F, Thiermann H (2008) LC-MS based procedures for monitoring of toxic organophosphorus compounds and the verification of pesticide and nerve agent poisoning. Anal Bioanal Chem 391 97-116... 

Nieuwenhuizen, M.S. and Harteveld, J.L.N., Development of a surface acoustic wave gas sensor for organophosphorus nerve agents employing lanthanide compounds as the chemical interface, Ta/anta, 41, 461 (1994). 

P=0 Thomas and Chittenden (5,38 441 have carried out a thorough series of studies on the identification of organophosphorus compounds. The group frequency tables in these studies enable interpretation of many of the characteristic features in the spectra of nerve agents and related chemicals. Several structure-spectrum relationships give specific information on the molecule. One very valuable relation discovered by Thomas is the dependence of the position of the P=0 bond stretching vibration, vp=0, on the substituents on the phosphorus, represented by n constants ... 

Gordon, J.J., Inns, R.H., Johnson, M.K., Leadbeater, L., Maid-ment, M.P., Upshall, D.G., Cooper, G.H., Rickard, R.L. (1983). The delayed neuropathic effects of nerve agents and some other organophosphorus compounds. Arch. Toxicol. 52 71-82. 

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