Organo elemental selenium

Furukawa, N. Creation of organo-sulfur, -selenium- and - tellurium multi-cation species. Phosphorus, Sulfur and Silicon and the Related Elements 199B, 136,137 138, 43-58. 

The present volume describes 1166 selenium, 489 tellurium, 90 chromium, and 8 platinum compounds. It is the first time that the organo-derivatives of these four elements have been collectively reviewed in detail. 

The bio-availabilities of these elements through the gastrointestinal tract vary markedly. Molybdenum, iodine, fluorine, and arsenic are apparently highly bio-available, whereas medium uptake occurs with haem iron, cobalt, zinc, chromium in the presence of a glucose tolerance factor, selenium, either as selenate or as organo selenium compounds, whereas only low bio-availability is experienced with non-haem iron,... 

Our discussion of organo-compounds of group 16 elements is confined to selenium and tellurium (polonium having been little studied, see Chapter 15). Of course, there are also vast numbers of organic compounds containing C—O or C—S bonds, and some relevant inorganic topics already covered are ... 

The initial interest in selenium in medicine was caused by its potential toxicity, although the discovery of selenium as an essential element in human metabolism influenced explosively the need of selenium determinations in biological materials. In the determination of selenium in human materials it is necessary to take the various naturally occurring chemical forms of Se into consideration. When administered to humans or animals, the organic forms of the element are readily converted to various organo-selenium compounds. The available information suggest that the behaviour of selenium in man is quite similar to that in rats and other animals (Bopp et al.. 1982)... 

ABSTRACT Particular elements can, even at trace levels, intact product quality, deposit formation, and regulatory compliance. Characterization of trace and ultra-trace level constituents in aqueous and/or organic matrices has often required the need to employ more than one analytical technique. In recent years, improvements in ICP-MS technologies have made it a preferred technique for multi-element trace level characterization in a variety of matrices. Coupling ICP-MS with various liquid chromatography techniques has enabled a unique capability to speciate organo-metallics at ppb levels. This paper will show how ICP-MS has been successfully used to measure ppb levels in refinery effluent streams. It will demonstrate how hyphenated ICP-MS techniques assisted in development of bioremediation options for selenium removal in wastewater treatment plants. 

---