Organic reactions, self-assembled

Surface monolayers on water, metals, silica or organic polymers do also not only self-organize or self-assemble , but they can be selectively functionalized as well with dyes, stereoselective receptors or nanoholes. Several monolayers can also be synkinetized subsequently to form redox chains with different electron donors or acceptors in multilayers. Vectorial reaction chains can thus be materialized in synkinetic materials. 

SAMs offer design flexibility both at the individual molecular and at the materials level ( surface engineering ), and represent model systems to explore specific interactions and reactions at surfaces and interfaces [106-108]. Assemblies of thiol-based organic molecules self-assembled on metal substrates are a special class of SAM s. These adsorbates are composed of one or two thiol-anchor groups, custom-designed alkyl or phenyl spacer imits and, in some cases, incorporated tailored functionalities [106,109-111]. The apphcation of SAMs covers diverse areas such as adhesion [112], lubri-... 

Abstract Recent advances in synthetic aspects of the rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation of alkenes are reviewed. Emphasis is given to practical improvements, efficient new catalysts for regioselective and enantioselective hydroformylation, and to applications of the reaction in organic synthesis. Furthermore, new developments in directed hydroformylation are covered as well as new approaches toward efficient hydroformylation catalysts employing the concept of self-assembly. 

The exploitation of the reactivity of molecular crystals lies close to the origins of crystal engineering and is at the heart of the pioneering work of Schmidt [47a]. The idea is that of organizing molecules in the solid state using the principles of molecular recognition and self-assembly. Successful results have been obtained with bimolecular reactions, particularly [2+2] photoreactivity and cyclisation [47b,c]. Another important area is that of host-guest chemistry. 

Equations 2.26 and 2.27 carmot be solved analytically except for a series of limiting cases considered by Bartlett and Pratt [147,192]. Since fine control of film thickness and organization can be achieved with LbL self-assembled enzyme polyelectrolyte multilayers, these different cases of the kinetic case-diagram for amperometric enzyme electrodes could be tested [147]. For the enzyme multilayer with entrapped mediator in the mediator-limited kinetics (enzyme-mediator reaction rate-determining step), two kinetic cases deserve consideration in this system in both cases I and II, there is no substrate dependence since the kinetics are mediator limited and the current is potential dependent, since the mediator concentration is potential dependent. Since diffusion is fast as compared to enzyme kinetics, mediator and substrate are both approximately at their bulk concentrations throughout the film in case I. The current is first order in both mediator and enzyme concentration and k, the enzyme reoxidation rate. It increases linearly with film thickness since there is no... 

---