Organic anthropogenic matter

Tratnyek PG, Scherer MM, Deng BL (2001) Effects of natural organic matter, anthropogenic surfactants, and model quinones on the reduction of contaminants by zero-valent iron. Water Res 35 4435 4443... 

Kopinke, F. D., Porschmann, J., and Stottmeister, U. Sorption of organic pollutants on anthropogenic humic matter. Environ. 

These types of models, while incomplete, are steps toward the formulation of composite models, which depend on future availability of compositional data. Moreover, these structural models are an important aid in understanding the interactions between anthropogenic chemicals and terrestrial organic matter. However, due to the heterogeneity of humic substances in the environment, provision of an exact, general structure does not seem feasible. 

Fig. 6.4 Calculated, estimated, or apparent salting out constants for various chemicals (a) selected aromatic compounds, (b) selected aliphatic compounds, (c) natural or surrogate hgands, (d) anthropogenic ligands, (e) sediment organic matter (SOM), (f) transition metal complexes, (g) trace metal complexes in the Mersey Estuary. Reprinted with permission from Turner A, Martino M, Le Roux SM (2002) Trace metal distribution coefficients in the Mersey Estuary UK Evidence for salting out of metal complexes. Environ Sci Technol 36 4578-4584. Copyright 2002 American Chemical Society...

Organic compounds, natural, fossil or anthropogenic, can be used to provide a chemical mass balance for atmospheric particles and a receptor model was developed that relates source contributions to mass concentrations in airborne fine particles. The approach uses organic compound distributions in both source and ambient samples to determine source contributions to the airborne particulate matter. This method was validated for southern California and is being applied in numerous other airsheds. ... 

Particulate matter is the term used to describe solid particles and liquid droplets found in the atmosphere. Particulates are produced by a host of natural and anthropogenic sources. Mist and fog are both forms of natural particulates, as are windblown soil, dust, smoke from forest fires, and biological objects, such as bacteria, fungal spores, and pollen. The incomplete combustion of fossil fuels is one of the most important anthropogenic (human-made) sources of particulates. Such processes release unhurned carbon particles, oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, and a host of organic compounds into the air. 

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