SEARCH Articles Figures Tables GIAO (Gauge Invariant Atomic Orbitals Gauge Including/Invariant Atomic Orbitals Gauge including/invariant atomic orbitals GIAO) Gauge invariant atomic orbitals Gauge-invariant atomic orbital Gauge-invariant atomic orbital theory Gauge-invariant atomic orbital theory shielding calculations Gauge-invariant atomic orbitals (GIAOs Gauge-invariant/including atomic orbital Gauge-invariant/including atomic orbital properties Normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds orbits Orbital connections invariance Orbital-invariant formulation Outermost orbital energy invariance theorem Rotational invariance, orbital connections Spin-orbit coupling transformational invariant Translational invariance, orbital