Oral hypoglycaemics drugs

Howes LG, Sundaresan P, Lykos D. Cardiovascular effects of oral hypoglycaemic drugs. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1996 23(3) 201-6. 

Piacquadio K, Hollingsworth DR, Murphy H. Effects of in-utero exposure to oral hypoglycaemic drugs. Lancet 1991 338(8771) 866-9. 

Irreversible MAOIs + oral hypoglycaemic drugs —> increased hypoglycaemic effect. 

NIDDM patients are usually obese and treatment starts with dietary control followed by oral hypoglycaemic drugs and insulin if necessary. 

Mr Qureshi, aged 68, has recently been diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes and has been prescribed an oral hypoglycaemic drug, gliclazide, by his GP. He has been told to take two 30 mg tablets each day with breakfast. 

Iodine contrast agents interact with metformin, an oral hypoglycaemic drug used to treat type 2 diabetes (see Chapter 6). Iodine contrast agents increase the risk of a patient developing lactic acidosis with metformin, particularly if their kidney function is impaired. Metformin has to be stopped prior to radiological examination and should not be restarted until normal renal function has resumed. 

Sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate (1, 7-[(3i )-3-amino-l-oxo-4-(2,4,5-trifluoro-phenyl)butyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-l,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine phosphate monohydrate, Januvia ) is an oral hypoglycaemic drug, an inhibitor of the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP4) enzyme. It is widely used in the therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus [1,2]. 

The maturity-onset type. This can be controlled by diet or oral hypoglycaemic drugs. 

Drug-induced hypoglycaemia, e.g. overdosage of exogenous insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs. 

Oral hypoglycaemic drugs, such as tolbutamide, are used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus as these stimulate insulin secretion. 

Touber (22) has on the basis of this evidence recommended the total prohibition of oral hypoglycaemic drugs. However, discussion continues as to the design of the UGDP study and the way the data were collected. 

Oral hypoglycaemic drugs may be prescribed for the non-overweight diabetic with high blood sugar values in whom insulin therapy encounters practical difficulties. 

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