Optimized derivatives

On a laboratory scale, the most commonly used E. coli strains are BL21 (protease deficient) and K12 (seems to show enhanced disulfide bond formation) and some optimized derivatives [13] for example, C41 and C43 for membrane proteins expression, Rosetta strains and BL21 CodonPlus strains with overexpressed tRNAs to deal with rare E. coli codons, or JM 83 for proteins secreted into the periplasm. Strains and plasmids are commercially available and were reviewed in several papers [13,26],... 

Carbamate Insecticides. These are structurally optimized derivatives of the unique plant alkaloid physostigmine [57-47-6], a cholinergic drug isolated in 1864 from Physostigma venenosum (see Alkaloids) (17,24,35—39). The carbamates maybe considered synthetic derivatives of the synaptic neurotransmitter acetylcholine, with very low turnover numbers. The N,N-dimethylcarbamates of heterocyclic enols (36) and the N-methylcarbamates of a variety of substituted phenols (35) with a wide range of insecticidal activity were described in 1954 (35). The latter are the most widely used carbamate insecticides, and the N-methylcarbamates of oximes have subsequently been found to be effective systemic insecticides. 

For a recent optimized derivative of the DMAP catalyst, see M. R. Heinrich, H. S. Klisa, H. Mayr,... 

The high insecticidal activity of Du 19111 against the larval stages of several lepidopterous, coleopterous and dipterous insects and its unique mode of action prompted us to synthetise several hundreds of benzoylphenyl ureas and to evaluate their insecticidal potency in laboratory tests and small scale field trials (4, >, j6). These and other studies led to the ultimate choice of diflubenzuron (il) as the optimal derivative for further development. 

Ab initio calculations. Geometry optimization, derivative properties, such as force constants and vibrational spectra. 

Optimate (derived from optimus, best ) is one of the standard (self-)descriptions of the Roman aristocracy see Text and Translation. ... 

Gunnar, T, Ariniemi, K., and Lillsunde, P. (2005) Validated toxicological determination of 30 drugs of abuse as optimized derivatives in oral fluid by long column fast gas chromatography/electron impact mass spectrometry. Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 40,739-753. 

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