Optical isomers ingredient

Metoprolol tartrate is a synthetic drug substance used for the treatment of hypertension (Fig. 1). The drug substance is a 2 1 salt that contains a racemic mixture of optical isomers of metaprolol and naturally occurring dextro-tartaric acid. Both the active ingredient and the tablet form have different testing requirements. 

Figure 22-20 (o) HPLC separation of the two optical isomers (mirror image isomers) of the drug Naproxen eluted with 0.05 M ammonium acetate in methanol. Naproxen is the active ingredient of the anti-inflammatory drug Aleve , (b) Structure of the bonded stationary phase. [Courtesy Phenomenex, Torrance, CA.]... 

The second ingredient is a mechanism for the state to communicate an unambiguous message. The viewer knows the coin s face by the way it reflects visible light. The optical pattern of the heads (H) state differs from that of tails (T). The previous assembly of nine carbon, eleven hydrogen, one nitrogen, and two oxygen atoms differs from structural isomers such as... 

The basic ingredient of PLA is lactic acid, which is yielded from bacterial fermentation or from a petrochemical source. Lactic acid is a naturally occurring substance with the standard chemical name 2-hydroxy propionic acid. It is the simplest hydroxyl acid with an asymmetric carbon atom, and has optically active L(+) and D(—) isomers. Both L and D isomers are produced in bacterial systems, with the L isomer more commonly found. Meanwhile, mammalian systems produce only the L isomer, which is easily assimilated by enzyme protease K. Figure 4.2 shows the chemical structure of the L- and D-lactic acids. 

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