On page 86, of Volume

The quantity of heat set free by a system which undergoes a transformation does not depend solely upon the initial and final states, page 86.-32. Example from the study of perfect gases, 37.—33. Case in which the quantity of heat set free by a system depends solely upon the initial and final states, 88.—34. Utility, in chemical calorimetry, of the preceding law, 89.-35. Exothermic and endothermic reactions, 41.—36. Heats of formation under constant pressure and at constant volume, 44.—37. Case in which the two heats of formation are equal to each other, 45.— 38. General relation between the two heats of formation, 45.—39. Case in which the compound is a perfect gas, 46.—40. The distinction between the two heats of formation has small importance in practice, 46.—41. Infiuence of temperature on the heats of formation, 47.-42. Heat of formation referred to a temperature at which the reaction considered is impossible, 48.—... 

The time taken to sterilise materials depends on the load, but typically loads made up of relatively small volumes would be treated adequately within 20 minutes. Loads containing large volumes take longer and suitable times can be determined by the use of thermal probes or spore strips (see page 86). 

Since the S5(R2) document is relatively short (24 pages in PDF version available for download at http //www.ich.org) readers, especially those who are directly impacted by this guideline, are encouraged to take the time to thoroughly read the document. The present chapter outlines the essential points and highlights methods that are often utilized. Readers interested in the practical implementation of S5(R2) and adequate study designs are referred to a series of papers on each study type published in Birth Defects Research (Part B) volume 86, number 6, 2009, and other reviews (2). 

Rae, A. (2007) Helping the Operator in the Loop Practical Human Machine Interface Principles for Safe Computer Controlled Systems, SCS 07 Proceedings of the twelfth Australian workshop on Safety critical systems and software and safety-related programmable systems—Volume 86 Pages 61-70. Australian Computer Society, Inc. Darhnghurst, Australia. 

---