Olivine phosphate

Herle PS, Ellis B, Coombs N, Nazar LF (2004) Nano-network electronic conduction in iron and nickel olivine phosphates. Nat Mato 3 147—152... 

Olivine Phosphate Cathode Materials, Reactivity and Reaction Mechanisms... 

Based on their structure, cathodes can be separated into three basic families layered oxides, spinels, and olivine phosphates. The three families differ greatly in their cell performance as well as in thermal properties. Layered oxide cathodes typically have higher specific capacities than spinels or phosphates. As a consequence of their structure, layered oxide materials are more energetic upon thermal runaway events due to the ease with which oxygen is liberated from their framework upon decomposition. 

Phospho-olivines as lithium intercalation materials were reported early in 1997. Unfortunately, researchers did not pay much attention to them because olivine phosphates with low electronic conductivity did not allow most of the lithium ions to intercalate/de-intercalate reversibly. This low reversibility could lead to low capacity, particularly at high current densities. Under the strong driving force of safety requirements when lithium ion batteries are used commercially for both portable devices and EV/HEV applications, olivine phosphate cathode materials, especially LiFeP04, have been revisited globally by researchers since the beginning of the 2F century. Attractive features are... 

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