Oligothiophene-fullerene

Bcemoto J, Takimiya K, Aso Y et al (2002) Porphyrin—oligothiophene—fullerene triads as an efficient intramolecular electron-transfer system. Org Lett 4 309-311... 

In order to continue the study of photoinduced charge separation processes in oligothiophene-based materials, Otsubo et al. recently synthesized two dual oligothiophene-fullerene [Ceol triads 2.132 and 2.133 (Chart 1.26), in which a quaterthiophene and an octithiophene unit were separated by a propyl chain... 

T. Nakamura, H. Kanato, Y. Araki, O. Ito, K. Takimiya, T. Otsubo and Y. Aso, Effects of extension or prevention of TT-conjugation on photoinduced electron transfer processes of ferrocene-oligothiophene-fullerene triads, J. Phys. Chem. A, 110, 3471-3479 (2006). 

M. Narutaki, K. Takimiya, T. Otsubo, Y. Harima, H. Zhang, Y. Araki and O. Ito, Synthesis and photophysical properties of two dual oligothiophene-fullerene linkage molecules as photoinduced long-distance charge separation systems, J. Org. Chem., 71, 1761-1768 (2006). 

Fig. 26 Oligothiophene-fullerene systems containing disulfide or tripodal anchors [28]...

PHOTOPHYSICS OF OLIGOTHIOPHENE/FULLERENE COMPOSITE FILMS AND SOLUTIONS... 

In the case of oligothiophene-fullerene dyads, oligothio-phene and fullerene moieties seem to be located at the closest position since both oligothiophene and fullerene moieties are hydrophobic. On the other hand, aniline-fullerene dyad is considered to form a spontaneous self-assembly in such a way that the hydrophobic fullerene moieties come together, leaving the polar aniline moiety outside, in which the distance between aniline in a dyad and Qg in another dyad will be similar to that of the dyad molecule in solution. These findings indicate that the self-assembly of donor-acceptor linked molecules in the fine particles is an important factor governing the rates of the CS and CR processes. 

Figure 9.24 Hydrogen-bonded oligothiophene-fullerene polymer.

Other donors very often used in combination with fullerenes comprise ferrocene, phthalocyanine, transition metal complexes, aniline derivatives, tetrathiafulvalene and oligoacenes, carotenoids, oligoarylene, and oligothiophene and many examples are collected in recent reviews and books dedicated to this subject.3a,7e 28... 

As with chromophores, the steric encapsulation of a dendrimer core can be utilized to prevent intermolecular interactions between redox active sites. A number of different redox active core moieties have been investigated, including, iron—sulfide clusters,9394 bis(terpyridine)iron(II) complexes,92 tris-(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complexes,330 zinc porphyrins,252 oligothienylenevinylenes,331 fullerenes,236,332 ferrocenes,333-336 oligothiophenes,322 oligonaphtha-lenes,337 and 4,4 -bipyridinium.338... 

Schnlze K., Uhrich C., Schnppel R., Leo K., Pfeiffer M., Brier E., Reinold E. and Banerle P. (2006), Efficient vacuum-deposited organic solar cells based on a new low-bandgap oligothiophene and fullerene Ceo , Adv. Mat. 18, 2872-2875. 

Kunugi, Y, Takimiya, K., Negishi, N., Otsubo, T. and Aso, Y, An ambipolar organic field-effect transistor using oligothiophene incorporated with two 60 fullerenes, J. Mater. Chem., 14, 2840-2841, 2004. 

Y. Kunugi, K. Takimiya, N. Negishi, T. Otsubo, and Y. Aso. An ambipo-lar organic field-effect transistor using oligothiophene incorporated with two [60]fullerenes. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 14(19) 2840-2841, 2004. 

Linear-conjugated systems (mainly, poly- and oligothiophenes) deriva-tized with C6o-fullerene as molecular heterojunctions for organic photovoltaics 05CSR483. 

Oligothiophenes containing redox active groups Fullerene-functionalized oligothiophenes... 

Due to the successful use of PCBM as acceptor material in solar cells, various attempts have been made to link Ceo covalently to an oligothiophene backbone in order to prepare D-A-based materials for photovoltaic devices by tuning their electronic properties [45, 46, 200, 201]. The attachment of fullerene units prevented large-scale phase separation in thin films and, despite the inclusion of bulky fullerene units, the soluble polymers retained their high order in thin films. However, the efficiency of such devices has been limited by competition between photoinduced electron transfer and energy transfer which occurs from the donor component to the fullerene. 

The first dyad molecule in which a fullerene was covalently linked to an oligothiophene 2.102 (Chart 1.20) was realized by Zotti elal. as a precursor for a corresponding polythiophene [202]. An azo... 

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