Oligonucleotide synthesizer

A number of standard synthetic reference books are available. A review article by Kossell and Seliger discusses protective groups used in oligonucleotide syntheses, including protection for the phosphate group, which is not included in this book, and a series of articles describe various aspects of protective group chemistry. 

A -2-Picolylamine A -oxide, used in oligonucleotide syntheses, is cleaved by acetic anhydride at 22°, followed by methanolic ammonia (85-95% yield). ... 

Automated manufacturing processes, 70 12 Automated oligonucleotide synthesizers, 77 623... 

Hughes, T.R. et al.. Expression profiling using microarrays fabricated by an ink-jet oligonucleotide synthesizer, Nat. BiotechnoL, 19, 342-347, 2001. 

The literature of metabolism in proteinoids and proteinoid microspheres is reviewed and criticized from a biochemical and experimental point of view. Closely related literature is also reviewed in order to understand the function of proteinoids and proteinoid microspheres. Proteinoids or proteinoid microspheres have many activities. Esterolysis, decarboxylation, animation, deamination, and oxido-reduction are catabolic enzyme activities. The formation of ATP, peptides or oligonucleotides is synthetic enzyme activities. Additional activities are hormonal and inhibitory. Selective formation of peptides is an activity of nucleoproteinoid microspheres these are a model for ribosomes. Mechanisms of peptide and oligonucleotide syntheses from amino acids and nucleotide triphosphate by proteinoid microspheres are tentatively proposed as an integrative consequence of reviewing the literature. 

Inspired by the success of solid-phase peptide and oligonucleotide syntheses, in the early 1970s several research groups attempted to develop methods for solid-supported oligosaccharide synthesis.53 However, since the early methods for glycosidic bond formation were rather restricted, the success of these solid-phase strategies was limited and only simple di-and trisaccharides could be obtained. 

Lebl, M., Burger, C., Ellman, B., et al. (2001) Fully automated parallel oligonucleotide synthesizer. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 66, 1299-1314. 

Oligonucleotide syntheses based on chemoselective phosphonylation 03YGK961. 

Hughes TR, Mao M, Jones AR, Burchard J, Marton MJ, Shannon KW, Lefkowitz SM, Ziman M, Schelter JM, Meyer MR, Kobayashi S, Davis C, Dai H, He YD, Stephaniants SB, Cavet G, Walker WL, West A, Coffey E, Shoemaker DD, Stoughton R, Blanchard AP, Friend SH, Linsley PS. 2001. Expression profiling using microarrays fabricated by an ink-jet oligonucleotide synthesizer. Nat Biotechnol 19(4) 342-347. 

Figure 19.15 Speciality linkers for unconventional oligonucleotide syntheses.

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